PLAN Introduction: After having built up knowledge about the kinetics of reactions I decided to do an investigation in this area. I was initially introduced to this particular reaction1 in EP6.4 and then in AA2.1. I was interested in using this reaction as a means of potentially supporting and quantifying some of the theories that I have studied along with also perhaps extending on them. Aim: Using a clock reaction I shall: Investigate the effect of concentration for each reactant and
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Investigating the Kinetics of the reaction between Iodide ions and Peroxodisulphate (VI) ions By the use of an Iodine clock reaction I hope to obtain the length of time taken for Iodine ions (in potassium iodide) to react fully with Peroxodisulphate ions (in potassium Peroxodisulphate). I will do three sets of experiments changing first the concentration of iodide ions‚ then the concentration of Peroxodisulphate ions and finally the temperature of the solution in which the reaction is taking place
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Aims The aims of this investigation are: 1. To find the rate equation of the reaction of hydrogen peroxide and iodide ions. This will be achieved by using an iodine clock method and colorimetric analysis. 2. Draw a graph of rate against concentration for each reactant (Hydrogen peroxide‚ potassium iodide and H+ ions). 3. Finding the order for each reactant 4. Finding the rate-determining step. 5. Proposing a mechanism for the reaction. 6. Using Arrhenius’ equation to find the activation
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D-block ions and the kinetics of reactions iodine clock reaction: By Stephen Parsons 6K2 Centre number: 61813 Candidate number: 8270 Table of Contents My aim and my reaction: 3 Rate of reaction: 4 Activation enthalpy: 5 Collision theory: 6 The effect of temperature on reaction rate: 7 The effect of concentration on reaction rate: 7 The effect of a catalyst on reaction rate: 8 D-block elements: 9 The effect of extra kinetic energy (from stirring etc.): 10 Where do we use D-block ion catalysts
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activation energy (Ea) of a reaction © KCl http://hk.geocities.com/fatherofchemistry Objective To determine the activation energy for the reduction of peroxodisulphate(VI) ions. S2O82-‚ by iodide ions I-‚ using a ’clock’ reaction. Principle The equation for reduction of S2O82- by I- is: S2O82- + 2I- → 2SO42- + I2 The formation of iodine is ’monitored’ by small & known amount of thiosulphate ions‚ S2O32-:
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Peroxodisulphate and Iodide practical – exemplar Skill A – Chemical Ideas Reaction between Peroxodisulphate and Iodide The reaction between peroxodisulphate and iodide ions is given by the following equation: S2O¬82- (aq) + 2 I- (aq) 2 SO42- (aq) + I2 (aq) The structure of the peroxodisulphate ion‚ with oxidation states‚ is shown below: (Structure) The changes in oxidation state within the reaction are as follows: Element Oxidation state in reactant Oxidation state in product Oxidised or
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phosphate. (vi) Add aqueous potassium chromate (VI) followed by dilute hydrochloric acid. Observation Solutions smells like vinegar. Deduction Solution contains CH3COO- ions. A white precipitate is formed. Solution turns cloudy and a white precipitate is formed. Solution contains either Pb2+ ions‚ Zn2+ ions or Al3+ ions. Solution contains either Pb2+ ions or Al3+ ions. Solution contains CH3COO- ions. Solution contains CH3COO- ions. Solution contains Pb2+ ions. Solution contains Pb2+ ions. Solution
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Chemistry F332 Notes Ions in solids and solutions: Structure of an ionic lattice (Sodium Chloride): * Consists of sodium ions (Na+) surrounded by six chloride ions (Cl-) * Chloride ions also surrounded by six sodium ions. * Held together by attraction of oppositely charged ions. * Giant ionic lattice. * Electrostatic bonds hold lattices together. * Structure is simple cubic. * Some ionic crystals contain water. * Known as water of crystallisation. * These crystals
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Testing for Ions Analysis Chemical Changes of Test Solutions Test Solution Silver Nitrate Barium Chloride Potassium Thiocyanate Sodium Sulfate - Stayed white in color - Turned cloudy in color - Precipitation formed in solution - Stayed white in color Potassium Chloride - Turned cloudy in color - Precipitation formed in solution - Stayed white in color - Stayed white in color Iron (III) Nitrate - Stayed orange in color - Stayed orange in color - Changed color from orange
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Investigation - Solution Colour and Ion Concentration Aim: To investigate whether solution colour can be used to reliably determine the concentration of coloured ions in a solution. Hypothesis: the concentration of permanganate ions in the solution is inversely proportional to the percentage transmission of light through the solution. Dependent variable: concentration of permanganate ions. Independent variable: percentage transmission of light through the solution. Equipment: 20 ml
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