References: Gastil‚ J. (1993). Democracy in small groups: Participation‚ decision making‚ and communication. Philadelphia‚ PA: New Society Publishers. Mumby‚ D. K. (1988). Communication and power in organizations: Discourse‚ ideology and domination. Norwood‚ NJ: Ablex. Pfeffer‚ J. (1981). Power in organizations. Boston: Pitman. Aarts‚ H.‚ Dijksterhuis‚ A.‚ & Custers‚ R. (2003). Automatic normative behavior in environments: The moderating role of conformity in activating situational norms. Social Cognition
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separate national markets into one huge global marketplace is known as a) global market facilitation b) cross-border trade c) supranational market integration d) the globalization of markets The correct answer is d. Firms that are involved in international business tend to be a) large b) small c) medium-sized d) large‚ small‚ and medium-sized The correct answer is d. Which is not a factor of production? a) trade b) land c) capital d) energy The correct answer is a. The sourcing of good and services
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production policy issues as enumerated in the case? b) What major problems are likely to confront a foreign company operating in Nigeria? c) What would you recommend that should be done on this proposal? 2. Without good policies‚ a business organization will have no sense of direction. a) What do you understand by policy? b) Mention and discuss the characteristics of a good and effective policy. c) What are the advantages of written policy? 3. Effective organizational performance is usually
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DATA ORGANIZATION‚ PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS Research Methods 1 Data Organization and Presentation To make interpretation and analysis of gathered data easier‚ data should be organized and presented properly. The usual methods used by researchers are textual‚ tables‚ graphs and charts. 1.1 Textual Data can be presented in the form of texts‚ phrases or paragraphs. It involves enumerating important characteristics‚ emphasizing significant figures and identifying important features of
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DEFFINATION OF CONFLICT IN ORGANIZATION Organizational politics gives rise to conflict as one person or group attempts to influence the goals and decision making of an organization to advance its own interest. In business‚ personalities or worldviews collide and arguments inevitably ensue. Organizational conflict is a disagreement by individuals or groups within the organization‚ which can center on factors ranging from resource allocation and divisions of responsibility for the overall direction
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many things to impress the organization’s top management with its effectiveness and to create a perception that the board has an impact on overall performance (Bradshaw et al.‚ 1992). Nonprofit organizations provide a long range of vital human services with board of trustees who govern such organizations and act on behalf of the values and interests of constituents‚ sponsors and communities. According to Forbes “Organizational effectiveness is but a powerful and problematic concept. Problematic in
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advantage based on exclusive access to advanced technology and a well trained workforce. (2) RELAVANCE IN TODAY’S ERA: Creativity has traditionally been viewed as the gift of a small number of talented people. The concept that groups and organizations can function creatively reflects the growing importance of creativity as a driver of innovation and organisational success As the global playing field becomes increasingly level‚ many business forecasters are predicting that workforce creativity
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A formal organization structure shows a recognizable chain of command‚ it also has many levels of management. This makes communication slower and decision making harder to implement. it is an organization which clearly defines the authority ‚responsibility and inter relations of people working therein Examples of formal organization Meetings can be formal - with a defined organizational membership‚ an agenda‚ a regular time‚ written minutes etc There are 3 types of formal organization 1. Coercive
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Anything that identifies good potential performers is a “predictor.” This includes interviews‚ standardized tests of knowledge‚ personality measures‚ job trials‚ and so on. Although finding good predictors requires intuition about the job‚ the organization‚ and the type of people who are going to apply‚ demonstrating which predictors are most effective requires clear quantitative skills as well. In this instance‚ you will review several types of evidence related to predictors and job performance
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one hears how collaborative an organization might be touting how it garners information up‚ down‚ and sideways before making an important organizational decision and then turn around and make a major policy change without input from those it affects the most. It is amazing this happens and the result is typically damage control to fix what went wrong. That wastes too much time. The reason to get input is to avoid conflict from both inside and outside the organization when a policy is implemented
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