Graduate School of International Economics and Finance‚ MS-021‚ Brandeis University‚ Waltham‚ MA 02454‚ USA Received 27 May 1998; received in revised form 20 October 2000; accepted 7 April 2001 Abstract This paper analyzes the role of world price shocks – fluctuations in the prices of capital‚ intermediate‚ and primary goods‚ and in the world real interest rate – in the generation and propagation of business cycles in small open developing countries. I construct a stochastic dynamic multi-sector small
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switches were labeled with terms including "slight shock‚" "moderate shock" and "danger: severe shock." Each participant took the role of a "teacher‚" who would then deliver a shock to the "student" every time an incorrect answer was produced. While the participant believed that he was delivering real shocks to the student‚ the student was actually a confederate in the experiment who was simply pretending to be shocked. The order to administer shocks are given to subject in context of “learning experiment”
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differed with their conscience. The study is used to show the aim that Stanley Milgram himself placed to see the willingness of the participant to obey use pain if one of the participants got an answer wrong. Overall‚ 65% of the participants gave shocks up to 450 volts (obeyed) and 35% stopped sometime before 450 volts. During the study many participants showed signs of nervousness and tension. Participants sweated‚ trembled‚ stuttered‚ bit their lips‚ groaned‚ dug fingernails into their flesh‚ and
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As the process was rigged‚ they all ends up being teacher and the learner is the confederate. (Meyer 97; Wortman‚ Loftus and Weaver 608-9; Franzoi 297). Before the experiment start‚ the participant (teacher) was being given a 45-volt shock to let them relate to what the learner will be experiencing and to make them believe that the generator is authentic. (Franzoi 297; Meyer 98; Wortman‚ Loftus and Weaver 608-9). The learner is in one room‚ the teacher and the experimenter (wearing a
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$4.50. It was thought by many professors that only 3 out of 100 participants might deliver the maximum shock. After the recruitment‚ Milgram conducted a series of controversial experiments with his invention of a shock generator. The switches were labeled and ranged from slight shock‚ stong shock‚ very strong shock‚ moderate shock‚ intense shock‚ extream intense shock‚ to Danger Severe Shock and the last two only stating “XXX”. The voltage began at 30‚ increasing by 15 volt increments for each
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brand awareness and to create a controversial topic in society which make it spread out quickly without to put too much effort or money in broadcasting it. 2. Discuss the pros and cons of the shock advertising campaign that Benetton used for many years. Pros – The more controversial that shock advertising gets‚ result in more attention that it receive from the public. In term of advertising‚ this can lead to the increase in the viewer without having to spend more money in broadcasting the
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output. In the short run‚ a profit-maximizing firm will increase production if marginal cost is less than marginal revenue and decrease production if marginal cost is greater than marginal revenue. 4. What are the implications of demand and real shocks in the two-curve model (with only the Solow growth curve and
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which causes an increase in net exports of country X. In addition‚ smaller interest rates are known to increase investment‚ which can also explain the shift in DD. The case of monetary contraction is similar. Thus with fixed exchange rates‚ monetary shocks transmit positively from the US to country X. b. Suppose now that the US aggregate demand increases. Perhaps fiscal policy in the US expands. An increase in the US aggregate demand increases US nominal rates and‚ with fixed exchange rates‚ forces
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to identify the dependent measures. “The primary dependent measure for any subject is the maximum shock he administers before he goes any further”. To determine if the subject was obedient‚ the experimenter looked at how many shock levels were administered. The subject is considered a “defiant subject if he administered below thirteen shock levels and an obedient subject if he administered all shock levels commanded”. Obtaining sufficient evidence is important before drawing any conclusions; therefore
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conclusion with his dogs. In his original experiment‚ he exposed the dogs to electrical shocks that they could not control nor escape from. It was demonstrated later on that when there is an escape easily accessed they still failed to escape the shock. This test consisted of a shuttle box which was split in half by a divider. The electricity was only run through one side of the box forcing the dog to escape the shock by jumping over the divider. This behavior is normally learned quickly because it
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