ENVIRONMENT AND SCIENCE Environmental science is the science of the interactions between the physical‚ chemical‚ and biological components of the environment‚ including their effects on all types of organisms but more often refers to human impact on the environment. Goal(s) of Environmental Science • The primary goal of the Environmental Science program is to provide exposure to and a broad knowledge of environmental problems and issues using an interdisciplinary approach. This is achieved by completion
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the surface over periods of many millions of years. About 71% of the surface is covered by salt water oceans‚ with the remainder consisting of continents and islands which together have many lakes and other sources of water that contribute to the hydrosphere. Earth’s poles are mostly covered with ice that is the solid ice of the Antarctic ice sheet and the sea ice that is the polar ice packs. The planet’s interior remains active‚ with a solid iron inner core‚ a liquid outer core that generates the magnetic
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Nitrogen cycle A simple and complete diagram of the nitrogen cycle. The blue boxes represent stores of nitrogen‚ the green writing is for processes that occur to move the nitrogen from one place to another and the red writing are all the bacteria involved. The nitrogen cycle is the process by which nitrogen is converted between its various chemical forms. This transformation can be carried out through both biological and physical processes. Important processes in the nitrogen cycle include fixation
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Topic 6: Applied and Social Ecology: Anthropogenic factor The main idea: Note the ways in which people are using their knowledge of ecology in an effort to find rational ways to protect natural resources with minimal ecological risk. Lecture outline: 1. Specific characteristics of anthropogenic factor 2. Environment and its components 3. Ecological crisis and ecological situations 4. Modern ecological crisis and its characteristics 5. Pollution and sources of pollution 1. Specific characteristics
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Synopsis Recent decades have been characterized by increasing awareness of environmental issues and the need to come to terms with them. This course will examine‚ in turn‚ many of the current major environmental issues related to the atmosphere‚ the hydrosphere and the biosphere as well as looking at major threats posed by the environment itself in the form of natural hazards. In addition‚ the issue of the nuclear threat and the ever-increasing demand for energy are explored. Finally‚ the matter of sustained
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air‚ water‚ sunlight‚ minerals and habitat. All these are of cosmic origin and are not created by man and therefore‚ are called natural resources. The natural resources occur in all the three divisions of biosphere (lithosphere‚ atmosphere and hydrosphere) TYPES OF NATURAL RESOURCES: (a) Inexhaustible Resources: The resources which are not likely to be exhausted are called inexhaustible resources. E.g. Air‚ clay‚ sand‚ water and solar energy. These are not likely to be exhausted by human use
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Cycle…………………………………………….4-6 Human Influences……………………………………………………7 Bibliography………………………………………………………….8 What is the Phosphorus cycle? The phosphorus cycle is the biogeochemical cycle that describes the movement of phosphorus through the lithosphere‚ hydrosphere‚ and biosphere. Unlike many other biogeochemical cycles‚ the atmosphere does not play a significant role in the movements of phosphorus‚ because phosphorus and phosphorus-based compounds are usually solids at the typical ranges of temperature and
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Biophysical Interactions Atmosphere- The blanket of air surrounding earth. Biosphere- The living part of the planet that consists of a thin layer extending from just baove the earth’s surface to just below it; combined ecosystems of the earth. Hydrosphere- The part of the earth that is composed of water‚ including clouds‚ oceans‚ seas‚ ice caps‚ glaciers‚ lakes‚ rivers‚ underground water supplies and atmospheric water vapour. Lithosphere-The upper zone of the earth’s mantle and its inorganic mixture
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These studies continue throughout the 6 to 12 program. Children also study the effects of solar energy on Earth and its atmosphere‚ the consequences of rotation and revolution‚ Earth’s atmosphere and the phenomena of climate and weather‚ and the hydrosphere
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1.History of ecology .Ecology as a science. Sub-disciplines of ecology. Economics and Ecology. Ecology appeared as a distinct field of science in the second part of the nineteenth century from a diversity of different areas‚ such as geography‚ plant physiology‚ taxonomy‚ and the theory of evolution. In 1893 two significant events happened. First‚ the book “Flower Ecology” by L.H. Pammel‚ was published. Secondly‚ the Madison Botanical Congress adopted the term "ecology" as denoting a new branch of
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