ntthoai@hcmiu.edu.vn NTTH-HCMIU-IMMUN-2013 Introduction to IMMUNOLOGY- An X soup • What is Immunology? What is Immune System (IS)? • History of Immunology • Cells and Soluble Mediators of IS= ? • Immune Response- Pathogens (Ags): Innate and Adaptive Immunity- Collaboration NTTH-HCMIU-IMMUN-2013 Introduction to IMMUNOLOGY What is Immunology? What is Immune System (IS)? Immunology is the study of our protection from foreign macromolecules or invading organisms and our responses to them. Foreign
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(monocytosis): Monocytic leukemia‚ ulcerative colitis‚ viral diseases (mononucleosis and herpes zoster)‚ parasitic diseases (Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever) B Lymphocytes (B Cells): humoral immunity T Lymphocytes (T Cells): cell-mediated immunity B Lymphocytes (B Cells): humoral immunity T Lymphocytes (T Cells): cell-mediated immunity Decreased (neutropenia): Vital conditions‚ overwhelming infection that exhausts bone marrow‚ cancer drugs‚ antibiotics and psychotropic drugs‚ hereditary disorders *Newborns
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with different effector functions. IgG carries out neutralization of toxins and microbes‚ activates the classical pathway of the complement and opsonisation of antigens for phagocytosis. It is the only class of immunoglobulin involved in neonatal immunity where it goes through the placenta and the gut to transfer
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http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Epstein+barr+virus+mononucleosis #5.) What innate and acquired protective mechanisms should have been elicited in response to Blake’s viral infection? For the case of the EBV‚ a person’s innate immunity in a way preps for acquired (adaptive) immunity. Innate: Once the virus’ DNAs and proteins are made familiar to the body‚ this stimulates not only an interferon (elevated levels of INF-y specifically) response‚ but also NK cell activation. The interferon INF-y is made
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This vaccine triggered the humoral immunity‚ immunizing one single individual and triggering a response from the B cells. This allowed the immune system to recognize the virus before it enter the cells. This vaccine could be given in once dose or three‚ either way the vaccine was 90-95% effective. In 1961 Dr. Albert Sabin came along and introduced the oral polio vaccine‚ this vaccine was live and attenuated vaccine. It triggered the humoral and cell-mediated immunity. This vaccine unlike the Salk
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the successful expression of naked plasmid DNA in mouse muscle tissue [108]. A few years later it was reported that the injection of DNA encoding an antigenic protein of influenza virus conferred protective immunity in mice [97]. Many papers have described and reviewed the protective immunity induced by DNA against a large variety of viruses [20]‚ bacteria [90] and protozoa [47] in murine models. DNA immunisation has also been investigated for the treatment of cancer [6] and autoimmune diseases [72]
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disease that occur within a defined population. 7. Define Opportunistic Pathogens Microorganisms that are capable of producing an infectious disease when the health and immunity of the host has been severely weakened by illness‚ famine‚ or medical therapy. Any microorganism that produces infection when the health and immunity of the host is severely weakened. 8. Define Normal Micro flora The bacteria that inhabit the external and internal exposed surfaces of the human body that are normal
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aramedic reviewPage 1 1. An exaggerated response by the immune system to a foreign substance is: a. an allergic reaction. b. an allergy. c. hypersensitivity. d. an immune response. 2. A life-threatening emergency that occurs due to an unusually exaggerated allergic reaction to a foreign protein or other substance is: a. anaphylaxis. b. hypersensitivity. c. an immune response. d. a primary response. 3. Approximately how many persons in the United States die annually
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Literature Review 3 Introduction 3 Immunity 4 Immunity in Animals 5 Immunity in modern age 5 Medicine vs. Placebos 6 The World at large 7 Conclusion 7 Bibliography 8 Abstract The subject of my essay is the plausibility of the future holding super immune humans. The scope of my investigation was widely based‚ as there are was so many roads one could take that would lead to the ultimate goal of super immunity. The paths I focused on were; Immunity in animals and how we can learn from
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Neutrophil Monocyte Neutrophils – Direct the immune system Other cells Fibroblast‚ platelets‚ some epithelial cells…etc. Eosinophil Basophil Lymphocytes • Two types of lymphocytes – T-Cells (Thymus derived) • Natural Killer Cells (Innate Immunity) • CD4+ T-Cells (helper cells) • CD8+ T-Cells (cytotoxic cells) – B-Cells (Bone Marrow derived) Antigen presenting cells (APC) General APC Professional APC All Cells B-Cells‚ Macrophages‚ Dendritic Cells Present antigen found outside the cell
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