“Social norms are shared expectations about how people should think‚ feel and behave and they are the glue that binds social systems together.” (Schaller and Crandell‚ 2004 cited in Passer‚ M.W. & Smith‚ R.E. 2007: 624). Subconsciously our daily lives are regulated and influenced by social norms. We take these social norms for granted. (Passer/Smith‚ 2007:624) We see these customs as “normal” but as Michel Foucault illustrates in “Discipline and Punish‚ the Birth of the Prison”‚ these norms and patterns
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Q 2.What is groupthink. Explain Groupthink occurs when the pressure to conform within a group interferes with that group’s analysis of a problem and causes poor group decision making. Individual creativity‚ uniqueness‚ and independent thinking are lost in the pursuit of group cohesiveness‚ as are the advantages that can sometimes be obtained by making a decision as a group—bringing different sources of ideas‚ knowledge‚ and experience together to solve a problem. Psychologist Irving Janis defines
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GROUPTHINK THEORY Groupthink is a concurrence-seeking tendency that can deter collective decision-making processes and lead to poor decisions that induce fiascos‚ (Janis‚ 1972‚ 1982). Janis (1972) defined groupthink as "a mode of thinking that people engage in when they are deeply involved in a cohesive in-group‚ when the members’ strivings for agreement override their motivation to realistically review alternative courses of action. Janis listed eight symptoms of group think: Illusions of invulnerability
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others within the group the process can become tainted. Eventually “ concurrence-seeking becomes so dominant in a cohesive ingroup that it tends to override realistic appraisal of alternative courses of action”1. The group’s original purpose of creation becomes more and more ineffective as long as groupthink festers without treatment. What is groupthink exactly? According to psychologists is “deterioration in mental efficiency‚ reality testing and moral judgments as a result of group pressures”1. In
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you did not want to appear unsupportive of the group’s efforts? If so‚ you have probably been a victim of "Groupthink". Irving Lester Janis (26 May 1918 - 15 November 1990) was a research psychologist at Yale University and most famous for his theory of "groupthink" which described the systematic errors made by groups when taking collective decisions(Wikipedia).Janis described “groupthink” as “a mode of thinking that people engage in when they are deeply involved in a cohesive in-group.When the
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through groupthink often result in decisions appearing well founded and heavily supported‚ however the outcomes of such decisions are most frequently detrimental. Factors of cognitive dissonance are quite often evident in members of groupthink decisions‚ with individuals finding in reflection that they generally possessed ideas starkly contrasting the concepts which they just publically supported. Such incongruity in beliefs and decisions according to Hackman and Johnson arise when groups “put unanimous
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The first norm I decided to us is “WHEN PEOPLE ASK YOU HOW YOU ARE DOING‚ TELL THEM ABOUT YOUR WHOLE DAY”. I was sitting in library doing my assignment. I then seen a young girl who I haven’t talk to in a while and approached her and said hey. She said hey back as she continue to walk. You could tell she had somewhere to go. I then stopped her and said “How you been?” “I been good how are you doing” She responded. I went on to tell her about and argument me and my mother had that morning that caused
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Group norms can affect the development of a team When individuals are in groups there are forces at work that shape their behavior. All individuals have their own separate traits‚ way of thinking and doing tasks‚ however when they are contributing together as a team they enviably start to exhibit different behaviors which are based on the group norms. For example a team member may not be a brave outspoken individual on their own but when in a group may exhibit more aggressive outspoken tones feeling
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Perry w. James April 8‚ 2010 The Dangers of Groupthink Question 1 – One factor was that there appeared to be group unanimity in the new steps with the mail delivery system and appeared to be a consensus. The civilian worker was horrified with the process but lacked the confidence to speak up. Also‚ group members seemed to rationalize that the assumptions made were good because they had the majority. I think in the future after the teams have discussed the issues‚ they can take a discreet
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Philadelphia has many different contributions to it that make it so diverse and beautiful. It is an integration of all different types of buildings‚ nature‚ and people. Over time‚ people have came to Philadelphia and have shaped it into the grand city it is today. Without the different parks and architectural structures that reside in the city‚ Philadelphia would not stand out as such a great place. A major beauty contributing to Philadelphia is its park and recreations. As our nation grows and
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