BEHAVIOURAL PERSPECTIVE OF LEADERSHIP Identified two clusters of leader behaviour 1. People-Oriented Leader * A job done through people * Share the information or the details of project with staffs and employees * Staffs and employees are given opportunities to voice their opinion and idea * Recognizing and accommodating the needs of their employees * Include the staffs and employees in decision making * Team building activities such as teamwork‚ collaboration‚ group
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Cost Definition: A actual amount that has to be paid or given up in order to get some thing. In business cost is usually a monitory valuation of * Effort * Material * Resources * Time * Utilities consumed * Risk incurred * Opportunity foregone in a product. * Delivery of goods or services. * All expenses and cost Classification of cost Purpose of classification | classification | Preparing External Financial statements | Product classification (Inventoriable)
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THE ESSENCE OF ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR A definition of organizational behaviour ‘The study of the structure‚ functioning and performance of organizations‚ and the behaviour of groups and individuals within them’ (Pugh‚ 1971). Characteristics of organizational behaviour (Ivancevich et al‚ 2008) ● It is a way of thinking about individuals‚ groups and organizations. ● It is multidisciplinary. ● There is a distinctly humanistic orientation. ● It is performance-oriented. ● The use of scientific
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APPROACHES TO ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR Organizational behavior‚ relates to the relationship between employees and the employers in an organization. Both are working towards the realization of the goals and objectives of any organization‚ and a close and fruitful coordination between the two is one of the major factors towards this realization. Organizational behavior approaches are a result of the research done by experts in this field. These experts studied and attempted to quantify research done
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Chapter I. What is Organizational Behaviour Organizational behaviour (OB) is a field of study that investigates the impact that individuals‚ groups‚ and structure have on behaviour within organizations‚ for the purpose of applying such knowledge toward improving an organization’s effectiveness. It studies three determinants of behavior in organizations: individuals‚ groups‚ and structure. In addition‚ OB applies the knowledge gained about individuals‚ groups‚ and the effect of structure on behavior
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What is Organizational Behaviour? Organizational behavior is a field of study that investigates the impact that individuals‚ groups and structures have on behavior within an organization for the purpose of applying such knowledge towards improving an organization’s effectiveness.[1] It is an interdisciplinary field that includes sociology‚ psychology‚ communication‚ and management; and it complements the academic studies of organizational theory (which is focused on organizational and intra-organizational
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Chapter 1 Defining Organizational Behaviour * OB is a field of study that looks at the impact that individuals‚ groups‚ and structure have on behaviour within organizations * Managers apply the knowledge gained from OB research to help them manage their organizations more effectively * An organization is a consciously coordinated social unit‚ composed of a group of people‚ that functions on a relatively continuous basis to achieve a common goal * Wages and benefits are
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I. My weight is only 38‚ while my age is 18‚ when I was confirmed by the doctor that I was under-weight. It is 3 years ago when I was vulnerable to infection as the symptoms of underweight. II. So‚ I search for something that can help me to gain weight. At last‚ I was being introduced to Herbalife by my friend. III. I make some research on Herbalife to know it better before I use it in order to achieve the targeted weight without putting myself at risk. IV. Today‚ I would like to inform
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companies in the state of Florida earned record profits in 2006‚ suggesting that Nationwide’s decision to cancel policies in light of the calm hurricane seasons (in Florida) in 2005-2007 may have cost the company potential revenue and customer goodwill. Do you think Rommel’s quote about making a ’’sound business decision’’ reveals any perceptual or decision-making biases? Why or why not? Ans : Overconfidence bias is identified as ’’the tendency to overestimate the probability that one’s judgment in
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of demand relevant for various functional areas of management. Q.4Distinguish between short run production function and long run production function. The law of diminishing returns is sometimes known as the law of Variable proportions how? Explain the law with examples and figures. Q.5(a) Oligopolists are more likely to match the price cut then a price increase by a competitor why? Explain with example. (b)In perfect competition AR=MR and in monopoly AR>MR
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