6/7/2011 Overview of Anatomy and Physiology • Anatomy: The study of structures The Human Body: An Orientation • Subdivisions: – Gross or macroscopic anatomy (ex: regional‚ systemic anatomy) – Microscopic (ex: cytology‚ histology) – Developmental (ex: embryology) CH 1 1 Overview of Anatomy and Physiology 2 Overview of Anatomy and Physiology • Essential tools for the study of anatomy: – Mastery of anatomical terminology – Observation – Manipulation – Palpation –
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the information to the control center. The control center then receives the information from the sensor and compares it to the correct set value. It then signals the effector if necessary. The effector then takes necessary action to correct the imbalance based on the information the control center sends it. An example of negative feedback would be body temperature. The controlled variable is your core temperature‚ which is the temperature in the center of your body. The temperature sensors in your
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06/16/2011) http://www.bignerds.com/papers/12083/Healthful-Eating-And-Permanent-Weight-Loss/ (Internet from 10/16/2012) http://www.medicinenet.com/benefitsofexercisearticle.htm (Internet from 04/08/2012) http://www.oppapers.com/subjects/what-homeostatic-imbalances-may-occur-relating-to-membranes-and-what-are-their-implications-page2.html (Internet from 08/25/2011) http://www.runningforfitness.org/fag/weightloss
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Regulation of distal organs such as the adrenal cortex. Anatomy Circle of Willis‚ above it is the hypothalamus; pituitary and pituitary stalk on either side of the 3rd ventricle. Pituitary is within the bony socket‚ at the base of the stalk. Salatarcica with the pituitary stalk passing down Cingulate gyrus and sulcus Fornix which comes out of the hippocampus Intraventricular foramen – in front of the thalamus and behind the fornix‚ through which CSF can pass through the ventricles. Aqueduct
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reflexive behaviors that are elicited when certain stimuli are present. 2. Homeostatic Theories The assumptions of the homeostatic theory are that organisms attempt to maintain homeostasis‚ the balance of physiological state or equilibrium‚ by constantly adjusting themselves to the demands of the environment. It can be noted that every living thing has certain biological needs‚ sex‚ hunger‚ thirst‚ that is caused by imbalance because those variables are absent in the physical body. 3. Arousal Theory
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I. Describe the role of the following hormones in the formation of urine‚ specifically explain the stimulus for their release‚ actions (decrease/increase GFR) and whether or not dilute/concentrated urine results): ADH (Vasopressin) – ADH has an antidiuretic action that prevents the production of dilute urine. Formation of urine = in the DCT and collecting ducts‚ water movement out of the body is regulated by ADH. Stimulus for their release = lowered blood pressure or low salt or water concentration
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liver. D. Summarize the mechanisms of lipid transport and distribution. E. Discuss the use of proteins as an energy source. F. Define metabolic rate‚ discuss the factors involved in determine an individual’s BMR‚ and discuss the homeostatic mechanisms that maintain a constant body temperature. Energetics –Is the flow of energy and its changes from one form to I. another II. Metabolism - Refers to all chemical reactions in an organism A. Introduction to Terms
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1: HOMEOSTASIS: A FRAMEWORK FOR HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY An understanding of homeostasis is essential to the successful mastery of physiology. It is one of the unifying concepts of physiology. Even though our review of various systems of the body are presented across differetn weeks‚ they are all inextricably linked by their role in maintaining the constant internal environment of the body. Learning objectives: The Scope of Human Physiology Students should be able to: identify physiology as the
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Chapter One – The human Body: An Orientation (we will assume that the subject is a healthy 22 year old female 125lbs or male 155lbs. I. Define and contrast anatomy and physiology: Anatomy provides is a static image of the body’s architecture vs. Physiology which reveals the body’s dynamic and animated workings. a. Anatomy: (derived from the Greek words “to cut apart”) is the study of the structures of the body parts and their relationship to one another. The essential tools for studying anatomy
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about there are corresponding systems to maintain this normal‚ stable range. The body maintains homeostasis through a self regulating control system‚ or "homeostatic mechanism" (Shier) if you will. All of these homeostatic
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