SIMPLE DISTILLATION OF VODKA (ANTONOV) Kristel Joy M. Tan‚ Joshua Michael L. Torres‚ Pauleen Anne S. Vanadero‚ Paulene Arielle P. Ynzon and Rachel Pauline E. Zaballero Group 10‚ 2D Medical Technology‚ Faculty of Pharmacy‚ University of Santo Tomas ABSTRACT Distillation is the most common technique‚ it is a process wherein the liquid is separated from the solution by boiling the liquid solution and condensing the vapor in order to get the distillate. There are four kind of distillation: simple distillation
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Distillation Alcoholic distillation is basically the process of separation the more volatile component‚ alcohol‚ from the less volatile component‚ water‚ from a water/alcohol solution‚ by heating the solution and condensing and collecting the alcohol rich vapours released‚ as a high alcohol strength liquid (spirit). The starting material for most distillations‚ such as wine for brandy and beer for whisky‚ are usually weak alcoholic solutions (5%-7% v/v ethanol) This seems counter intuitive
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binary code Did you know that all of the information that travels through your computer is based on two commands? It’s true. The only data that a computer can understand is on and off. But‚ the millions of combinations of those two commands given in series are what make a computer work. Binary Code Remember the power supply that is inside your computer and how it sends electricity to all of the components? That electricity is what creates an on signal. The memory chips inside your computer
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computer represents data and basic units of measuring information (up to GB): Computer represents data using binary numeral system: - bit= binary unit (to 256) - bute- 8 bits - kb= 1024 byrtes - mb= 1024 Kb - gb= 1024 mb 3. Compare ASCII‚ EBCDIC and Unicode: ASCII- American Standard Code for Information Interchange ASCII is a 7 digit (7- bit) code EBCDIC-Extended Binary- Coded Decimal Interchange Code (INM mainframes) EBCDIC- represents each character as a unique combination
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of a Mixture Purpose: To become familiar with the methods of separating substances from one another using decantation‚ extraction‚ and sublimation techniques. Apparatis and Chemicals: balance‚ Bunsen burner‚ rubber hose‚ tongs‚ 2 evaporating dishes‚ 2 watch glasses‚ 100-mL graduated cylinder‚ clay triangles‚ 2 ring stands‚ 2 iron rings‚ 2 glass stirring rods‚ unknown mixture of NaCl‚ NH4Cl‚ SiO2. Discussion: Mixtures are composed of two or more substances mixed together. Mixtures can
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Binary fission begins with DNA replication. DNA replication starts from an origin of replication‚ which opens up into a replication bubble (note: prokaryotic DNA replication usually has only 1 origin of replication‚ whereas eukaryotes have multiple origins of replication). The replication bubble separates the DNA double strand‚ each strand acts as template for synthesis of a daughter strand by semiconservative replication‚ until the entire prokaryotic DNA is duplicated. After this replicational
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FRACTIONAL RESERVE BANKING Fractional reserve banking is a system under which bankers keep as reserves only a fraction of the funds they hold on deposit. This system has three features: • Bank Profitability By getting deposits at zero interest and lending some of them out at positive interest rates‚ goldsmiths made profits. The history of banking as a profitmaking industry was begun and has continued to this date. Banks‚ like other enterprises‚ are in business to earn profits. • Bank Discretion
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Mixtures and Solutions can often become confusing because solutions are mixtures‚ but not all mixtures are solutions. A mixture can either be homogeneous or heterogeneous. A homogeneous mixture is where the mixture’s components are distributed uniformly within the mixture. A heterogeneous mixture is where the components are not uniform. Mixtures can either be miscible or immiscible‚ the difference being whether or not the mixture forms a homogeneous mixture or not. In a solution a solute is soluble
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with 3 moles of compound B‚ with vapor pressure 480mmHg at 50oC to form a homogeneous solution. What is the vapor pressure of mixture at 50oC? XA =moles of A\total No. of moles XA =1\4 XB=3\4 Ptotal=PAoXA+PBoXB =400*1\4 + 480*3\4 = 460mmHg 2. Why should a distilling flask be filled not less than 1\3 filled or more than 2\3 full? This is to allow the liquid being heated room to expand as it turns to a vapor. Also‚ 1\3 would cause too much pressure‚ and 2\3 not enough pressure. In
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of solvent extraction‚ also known as liquid-liquid extraction‚ a method of separating two materials with different physical and/or chemical properties. Two methods of evaporation will be used to finally determine the concentration of impurity- one using an explosion-proof hot-plate‚ and one using a rotovap. III. Theory Fig. 1a+1b. Figure 1a shows how water and oil separate in the separatory funnel‚ while figure 1b shows the actual apparatus. Liquid-Liquid extraction is a versatile and dependable
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