Chloride in Urine in Different Circumstances Aim: To determine the chloride content by titrating mixtures of urine against potassium thiocyanate under in different circumstances. Research Question: How do different conditions of urine samples collected affect its concentration of chloride which is measured by titrating the mixture of urine with potassium thiocyanate until it turns red? Hypothesis: The greater the consumption of food‚ the higher the chloride concentration in urine. This can
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BILIRUBIN FORMATION AND EXCRETION Bilirubin‚ the principal pigment in bile‚ is derived from the breakdown of hemoglobin when aged red blood cells are phagocytized by the reticuloendothelial system‚ primarily in the spleen‚ liver and bone marrow. About 80% of bilirubin formed daily comes from the degradation of hemoglobin. The remainder comes from destruction of heme-containing proteins and catabolism of heme. When hemoglobin is destroyed‚ the protein portion‚ globin is reused in the body. The
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Excretion • Removal of nitrogenous wastes from the body Nitrogenous wastes • Ammonia o Most toxic o Needs more water for getting excreted o Diffuses across general body surfaces o Examples of organisms excreting ammonia: fishes‚ aquatic amphibians and aquatic insects o Such organisms are called ammonotelic. • Urea o Less toxic o Requires less water for excretion o Terrestrial adaptation for conservation of water o Ammonia Urea o Examples of organisms excreting urea: terrestrial amphibians
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EXCRETION Excretion is the removal of unwanted substances such as toxic materials and wastes products of metabolism from organisms. These unwanted substances can be :- 1. Waste products from body metabolism (chemical reactions in the body). 2. Excess water and salts taken in with the diet. 3. Spent hormones. 4. Drugs and other foreign substances. Excretion occurs in specialized organs of the body called the excretory organs. There are two excretory organs in human body :- a) Lungs b)
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Excretion in Humans Excretion is the removal of toxic materials‚ the waste products of metabolism and substance in excess of requirements from organisms. Metabolism is chemical reactions taking place inside cells‚ including respiration. The body excretes three main waste materials. These are Carbon Dioxide‚ Urea and Water. Excretion is a very important feature to us because without it toxic substances will build up in our bodies and kill us. It also helps in maintaining the composition of body
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Excretion Notes 4.2.1 (a) Define the term excretion (b) Explain the importance of removing metabolic wastes‚ including carbon dioxide and nitrogenous waste‚ from the body. Definitions: Excretion: “The removal of waste products of metabolism from the body”. Ingestion: “The intake of substances into the stomach”. Digestion: “The breakdown of molecules that are ingested from large molecules into small molecules”. Absorption: “The intake of those small molecules through the plasma membrane
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Urine Specific Gravity Each day an adult excretes between 800ml and 2000mL of urine. This amount varies depending on various conditions that can influence fluid loss and fluid intake. For example‚ the loss of fluid through heavy sweating in hot weather reduces urine amounts. The minimum volume of urine needed to remove body wastes from an adult is about 500mL/day. The specific gravity of urine can be an indicator of disease or disruption in normal metabolism. As you recall from our earlier discussions
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Osmoregulation and Excretion of Vertebrates and Invertebrates Title: Osmoregulation and Excretion of Vertebrates and Invertebrates Abstract: In every aspect of an environment‚ there is a variance in the concentration of fluids present in the environment and the bodies of organisms. Osmoregulation is the regulation of water and ion concentrations in the body. Keeping this regulation precise is critical in maintaining life in a cell. Balance of water and ions is partly linked to excretion‚ the removal
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Urine Therapy (Uropathy) - Your Body’s Own Best Medicine‚ A PowerFul Infection Fighter You may think that when it comes to alternative health therapies you’ve heard it all. But there is one natural therapy you’ve probably never heard of ---even though its one of the most powerful‚ most researched and most medically proven natural cures ever discovered. It is used in the manufacture of hormones‚ diuretics‚ and cancer fighting drugs. As urea‚ it is one of the primary ingredients in many face and
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Excretion and Elimination of Toxicants and their Metabolites The first topic that was covered by this chapter was the excretion of wastes by the Renal system. The first step that occurs in the kidney deals with the nephron‚ which is the functional unit of the kidney. In the glomerulus the formation of urine begins with the passive filtration of plasma through the pores that are found in the glomerulus. The plasma is forced through these pores by hydrostatic pressure. The only things that determines
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