INTRODUCTION Grapevine is an informal channel of business communication. It is called so because it stretches throughout the organization in all directions irrespective of the authority levels. Man as we know is a social animal. Despite existence of formal channels in an organization‚ the informal channels tend to develop when he interacts with other people in organization. It exists more at lower levels of organization. The dictionary gives us a definition for the grapevine which says it is "the informal
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bureaucracy. He viewed it as a formal system of organization and administration to ensure effectiveness and efficiency. He analysed the role of a leaser and examined how/why individuals respond to various forms of authority. Webber’s Bureaucratic Model • Rational – Legal • Classical : ➢ rational because its means are expressly designed to achieve certain goals with maximum efficiency. ➢ Legal because authority is exercised by means of a system of rules and procedures. As
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were futile. The dispute highlighted a key issue which many foreign investors have long grappled in China due to the lack of respect and understanding of legal agreements in the country. In China where informal institutions play a larger role than formal institutions‚ Danone had used the wrong approach to resolve the dispute and had lost the support of the people in China. Was joint venture appropriate for Danone to enter China? Joint venture allows Danone which is a multi-national company based in
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understand themselves and ideally to work together to accomplish all the tasks and achieve all the goals of an organization” Organizational Structure “The formal framework by which jobs tasks are divided‚ grouped‚ and coordinated” Organizational structure is the skeleton of an organization. The organization structure of Mobilink represent well-organized system of control of operations and have very efficient administration who is continuously viewing who is performing the various functions and tasks of a
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communications and giving a couple of examples that could be used within the Care Home environment. There are 6 main forms of communication that I will explain and give examples of. Electronic communication:- Telephone –Definition: A telephone is a system used to send speech over distances. So you can talk to someone in Japan while in England using a telephone which works as a transmitter and a receiver. There are many ways you could use a telephone in the care home‚ e.g. as one of the elderly people
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does not exist in a vacuum. It develops over the course of time according to a society’s and an individual’s needs. There are a number of ways to express identical thoughts. Educated people would most likely distinguish between the use of language in formal and informal situations. Specifically‚ one would use informal language with familiar people such as friends and family. For example‚ people often use‚ “What’s up?” to greet with members they generously know better with. Also slang words
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or set of goals. There are two types of groups namely; a formal group and an informal group. For example‚ a formal group in an organization is deliberately formed to achieve specific objectives. This is achieved through organization‚ co-ordination and delegation of work load within the group. Within a formal group exist set rules and procedures to be adhered to‚ all information is declared and taken note of. All formal groups have a formal point of origin and an end point. An informal group however
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not go to prison‚ but he may become completely useless nevertheless because no one will have anything to do with him. There are‚ in fact‚ possible issues with informal rules. They may risky and dangerous to break (Pauley 1). A person who breaks a formal rule may go to jail. After serving the allotted sentence they are welcomed back into society to hopefully continue the social norms. But a person who breaks informal rules may experience less dramatic consequences that may last an entire life‚ not
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considered suitable for formal contexts and often not in use for long. (Chomsky‚ 1999) From the perspective of sociolinguistics‚ slang is a kind of jargon marked by its rejection of formal rules‚ its comparative freshness and its common ephemerality‚ and its marked use to claim solidarity. The importance of language in establishing social identity is shown in the case of slang. Slang is primary speech claiming group membership‚ and it rejects the power dimensions associated with formal language. Often‚
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Different social‚ professional and cultural context may effect relationships and the way people communicate because of a lack of understanding into one another’s back ground and culture. This could be through their race‚ religion‚ and ethnicity or where they come from. Each one of these can have similar or different ways to communicate. Social background It has been suggested by Laing and Chazan in fontang 1984 that some children grow up within environmental and social circumstances which may
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