Protein biosynthesis is the process by which biological cells generate new proteins; it is balanced by the loss of cellular proteins via degradation or export. Translation‚ the assembly of proteins by ribosomes‚ is an essential part of the biosynthetic pathway‚ along with generation of messenger RNA (mRNA)‚ aminoacylation of transfer RNA (tRNA)‚ co-translational transport‚ and post-translational modification. Protein biosynthesis is strictly regulated at multiple steps‚ and error-checking mechanisms
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Protein synthesis is the process whereby proteins are produced‚ or synthesized‚ in living things according to "directions" given by DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and carried out by RNA (ribonucleic acid) and other proteins. As suggested earlier‚ this is an extraordinarily complex process that we do not attempt to discuss here. Following synthesis‚ proteins fold up into an essentially compact three-dimensional shape‚ which is their tertiary structure. DNA contains the instructions for a cell’s structure
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G. INZELT‚ Charge Transport in Conducting Polymer Film Electrodes‚ Chem. Biochem. Eng. Q. 21 (1) 1–14 (2007) 1 Charge Transport in Conducting Polymer Film Electrodes G. Inzelt Eötvös Loránd University‚ Institute of Chemistry‚ Budapest‚ Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A‚ H-1117‚ Hungary E-mail: inzeltgy@chem.elte.hu Review Received: August 4‚ 2006 Accepted: December 13‚ 2006 The essential features of charge transport in conducting polymer film electrodes are discussed. Selected experimental results
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major dietary sources of each. a. Proteins b. Carbohydrates c. Fats . Janine made this statement: “… if your brain doesn’t get carbs—well‚ glucose‚ anyway—you get really cranky. You have to have enough carbs.” Find out if Janine is right. How does the nervous system use glucose? . Janine also said: “If you eat way too much protein and not enough carbs you can ruin your kidneys forever because of all the nitrogen you have to process breaking down the protein.” Find out if Janine is right about
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Simulation of the Coiling of a polymer strand Tsvetoslav Pavlov Department of Materials‚ Imperial College London‚ United Kingdom 27th Feb 2012 1. Abstract This study will examine the temperature dependence of internal energy‚ heat capacity and R2 value (representative of the end to end distance) using a Langevin Dynamics simulation. It will also consider the dependence of the internal energy‚ heat capacity and R2 value with increasing polymer chain length. Internal energy has been found
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in the fragmentation of the DNA. Protein glycosylation may be an additional damaging factor . In the attempt to repair DNA‚ poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) is overstimulated. This diminishes cellular NAD+‚ and subsequently ATP‚ stores the depletion of the cellular energy stores ultimately results in beta cell necrosis. Although streptozotocin also methylates proteins ‚DNA methylation is ultimately responsible for beta cell death‚ but it is likely that protein methylation contributes to the functional
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DENATURATION OF PROTEINS Abstract The experiment aimed to use the concept of viscosity to study the effects of different denaturants on 1% albumin extract. An Ostwald viscometer was used to measure the flow time of 5 mL of the blank and native protein. These were then denatured by adding 1 mL of denaturant and had their flow time measured. The flow time from the blank to denatured protein is increasing. The specific viscosity and reduced viscosity
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living creatures‚ work together in a certain process that is crucial to existence: the formation of proteins. Although all species differ from each other in various ways‚ the processes by which proteins are synthesized are the same in all. Protein synthesis is a very complex process. In order to understand the process‚ there some basics that are essential for cells to create the proper proteins. DNA is a very long and double-stranded molecule that contains coding‚ through four nitrogen bases (adenine
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Receptor Protein Protein that binds to a specific single molecule‚ enabling the cell to respond to the signal molecule. i.e. The muscles of a person exercising can not contract without receptor proteins and signal molecules that tell the muscles when to contract and when to relax. Second Messenger Signal molecule produced in response to the binding of a chemical signal. Acts as a signal molecule in the cytoplasm. Signal Molecule Carries information throughout the body and to other
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Protein shakes 1) Verifiable facts: the 3 common forms of protein shakes are whey‚ soy and casein protein. Protein shakes are useful when: - You’re growing - You’re starting a program - You’re amping up your workouts - You’re recovering from an injury Unverified statements or value claim: This whole part is unverified: So how can you tell if you’re already getting enough protein? Do the math. Recreational athletes need 0.5-0.75 grams of protein daily for every per pound of body weight Competitive
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