This lab report will be detailing the steps taken and the results discovered when using spectrophotometry to determine the percentage of copper in a copper-clad penny and the thicknes of the copper layer on the copper-clad penny. After 1982‚ copper coating has been used in the creation of the penny because the cost of pure copper has increase to the point that the amount needed t omake a penny cost far more than the actual value of the penny. This lab allowed us to see just how much copper coating
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Fermentation is a process performed by cells in the absence of oxygen to produce small amounts of ATP. During this process the six-carbon sugar glucose is broken down into two molecules of the three-carbon organic acid‚ pyruvic acid‚ coupled with the transfer of chemical energy to make adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Fermentation is used by many producers to make many of the commodities which we are used to today. Some of these commodities include yogurt‚ cheese‚ wine‚ bread‚ beer‚ rum‚ and even
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LAB REPORT Introduction: In a chemical change‚ the identities of substances change and new substances form. In an equation the substances on the left are the reactants. The substances on the right are the products. In this experiment the objectives are to observe evidence that a chemical change has taken place. Infer from observations that a new substance has been formed. Identify and record observations that show energy is involved in chemical change observe the color‚ solubility of some substances
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Tim Readmond AP Biology Lab Report I. Title a. Modeling Diffusion and Osmosis II. Introduction a. If one places a 1.0 M solution of glucose inside a bag and then places that bag into a beaker containing a 1.0 M solution of sucrose‚ the percent of mass lost in the bag is 10.5%. The solution in the bag is hypertonic while the solution in the beaker is hypertonic‚ which is why water moves from the bag to the beaker and the bag loses mass. b. The purpose of this experiment is to see whether
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model organism” (Simpson‚2010). Fermentation is the metabolic procedure in which an organism alters a carbohydrate‚ such as sugar or starch‚ into an acid or alcohol. For instance ‚ yeast performs fermentation to achieve energy by altering sugar into alcohol. Bacteria execute fermentation‚ altering carbohydrates into lactic acid (Helmenstine‚ 2013). Fermentation can be used in the food and drink industry as well‚ examples of this is bread. In the process of fermentation with bread‚ yeast produces carbon
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Lab Report: Halogen Reactions Purpose: This experiment will allow for exploration into some of the properties of Group 17 elements (halogens) and their compounds. More specifically‚ the solubility properties of these halogens will be used to predict their reactions. The relative electronegativities of the halogens will be determined. Halides‚such as Cl-‚ Br-‚ and I- will be used to make these determinations. Because this lab is qualitative rather than quantitative‚ there are no calculation
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Yogurt Fermentation Yogurt is made by lactic acid fermentation. The main (starter) cultures in yogurt are Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus. The function of the starter cultures is to ferment lactose (milk sugar) to produce lactic acid. The increase in lactic acid decreases pH and causes the milk to clot‚ or form the soft gel that is characteristic of yogurt. The fermentation of lactose also produces the flavor compounds that are characteristic of yogurt. Lactobacillus
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10/24/2013 LAB TITLE: Single Replacement Reaction of Solid Copper with Silver Nitrate PURPOSE The purpose of this lab is to: • Observe a single replacement reaction‚ and • Calculate the mole ratio of silver (Ag) to copper (Cu) in the reaction MATERIALS • Copper wire (30 cm) • Large test tube • 250 ml beaker • Silver nitrate (AgNO3) powder • Dilute AgNO3 solution • Distilled water • Electronic balance • Glass stir rod • Watch glass PRE-LAB DISCUSSION A single
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active role for the membrane. Osmosis and dialysis are also occasionally called passive transports because they too do not require an active role for the membrane. Osmosis is movement of water across a semipermeable membrane of low concentration to a solution of high concentration. On the other hand diffusion is movement of molecules from a high concentration to a low concentration. Osmosis is a form of diffusion but a distinction would be that it deals essentially with water. Tonicity is what makes the
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Lab Report 7: Analysis of Cereal Introduction: The objective of this lab was to consult for the FDA regarding a recently surfaced scandal involving false reporting of iron content in cereal as well as iron tablets. The makers of the cereal and the iron tablets‚ respectively‚ were allegedly reporting higher amounts of iron in their products than actually existed‚ as a way to save money but continue to provide products with “adequate” amounts of iron. The FDA needed consulting in order to analyze
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