Introduction DNA (Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid) is a nucleic acid that has many names‚ each representing the phases that it undergoes (chromosomes‚ chromatin‚ genes/alleles); it resides in the nucleus (bound by 2 *phospholipid bilayers) of almost every cell in the body (red blood cells being an exception). DNA (your genotype) is double stranded and is responsible for replicating (from 46 to 92) during Interphase‚ so that mitosis can make new cells‚ repairing and allowing for growth in the body. It is
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E. coli Escherichia coli‚ more commonly known as E. coli‚ are a large group of bacteria. It lives in the digestive tracts of humans and also animals. There are many different types‚ such as enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) which causes bloody diarrhea. Some types cause urinary tract infections. One other specific type that is real common is called E. coli O157:H7. This type can cause severe anemia‚ kidney failure‚ or even death. The way you contract E. coli is coming into contact with feces from
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bacterial cell genotype as a result of its uptake and incorporation of foreign DNA fragments from external medium (Anthony et al‚ 2008). In addition to chromosome‚ bacterial cells often contain extrachromosomal DNA called plasmids which are capable of autonomic replication and antibiotic resistance (Dale & Simon‚ 2010). Plasmids can transport foreign DNA into host or other bacterial cells hence they are known as vectors. The resultant DNA of the transportation is called recombinant DNA (Mader‚
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DNA Extraction Lab Problem Statement: Do you think you have ever eaten DNA? Background Information: DNA is too small to see under a regular microscope‚ so how can it be studied? DNA is a large molecule found in all living things; therefore it is possible to extract it from cells or tissues. All we need to do is disrupt the cell’s plasma membrane and nuclear envelope‚ make the DNA clump together and - voila! - DNA extraction is possible. DNA extractions from onion‚ bananas‚ liver‚ or wheat
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DNA Extraction of a Musa acuminata Biology Lab Report \Analyze and Interpret A number of steps are required to isolate DNA from cellular contents. Describe what happens at each step‚ and why it acts to separate the parts of the cell. /6 There are three specific steps required to isolate DNA from its cellular contents. The steps used to remove and expose DNA from its cell are: breaking down the food type you are using by crushing it‚ for example a banana or strawberries‚ exposing the substance
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lab is to successfully infiltrate E. coli bacterial cells with a pARA-R plasmid that is antibiotic resistant and has the rfp gene‚ or red fluorescent protein. This can be verified if the E. coli obtains the characteristics of the plasmid when it enters. To start‚ three Petri plates containing agar are needed. On each plate there is a control group and a treatment group; the treatment group being the one with the plasmid. Before the plasmid is put with the E. coli‚ first the bacteria are “stressed
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This experiment tested the growth of E.coli with inserted plasmid on an agar plate with Ampicillin. One colony of E.coli resistant to Ampicillin was grown during this experiment. The overall goal of the experiment was to successfully grow E.coli on the agar plate‚ which would show that the plasmid had been effectively inserted into the bacteria’s genes. This experiment helped students understand how plasmids were inserted into bacteria and used in real life situations. It also showed how the bacteria’s
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The purpose of the DNA extraction lab was not only to inform students on how DNA is present in humans and all organisms‚ but to also educate them on how DNA can be extracted using common household materials. Also‚ the lab was very efficient as it introduced the students to extracting their own DNA found on their cheek cells as well as letting them take an observation on how DNA appears or how it is formed. Additionally‚ students were instructed through a very clear and simple procedure‚ which guided
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Extracting DNA from Wheat Germ Cells Criteria to be assessed CE Introduction: DNA is the abbreviation for deoxyribonucleic acid. DNA is found in the nucleus of every cell & it stores the information that makes up living organisms. It is a double helix of 4 nucleotides. It contains a code that allows the body to make up proteins. The nucleotides are Cytosine‚ Guanine‚ Adenine and Thymine. (1) Wheat germ comes from wheat seeds. The ’ germ ’ is the embryo‚ which is the part of
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DNA Extraction from Fruit 1. What was the purpose of adding liquid soap and salt in step #1 and how does NaCl contribute to maximum DNA extraction. The purpose of using soap was to destroy the membranes inside a kiwi cell. Soap helped with that because it dissolves the membranes easily. Salt or NaCl was used to remove proteins and carbohydrates. NaCl caused the proteins and carbohydrates to precipitate. 2. Why was it necessary to “mush” the kiwi by hand? If the step was omitted‚ what
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