Introduction to price discrimination In our study of the theory of the firm we have assumed so far that a business charges a single price for its products‚ naturally the reality is different! Most businesses charge different prices to different groups of consumers for the same good or service. Businesses could make more money if they treated everyone as individuals and charged them the price they are willing to pay. But doing this involves a cost‚ so they have to find the right pricing strategy
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Price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) is often used for assessing the company’s stock price. P/E is determined by first calculating the earnings per shares (EPS)‚ which is the post-tax profits divides by the number of shares (Figure 1). Trailing P/E is equal to current market share price divided by trailing earnings per share for the past 12 months‚ whereas forward P/E is equal to current share price divided by expected earnings per shares for the next 12 months or next full-year fiscal period (http://www
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disadvantages of price wars for different social groups By Nelson Rodriguez Price war is a situation in which rivals companies try to increase the number of consumers by attracting those who are buying from other companies through price lowering (This is common for commodity products that are so similar that price reduction may look as the only alternative to gain more customers).After each reduction there is a period of stability in which all afferents have the same price‚ but this equilibrium
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Price controls are usually justified as a way to help consumers‚ but those who advocate them often ignore their incentive effects. Consider‚ for example‚ rent controls‚ a popular form of a price ceiling. If the demand curve and the short-run supply curves are inelastic‚ then a sizable drop in rents may result in a very small shortage. The benefits to consumers (lower prices) will‚ in the judgment of most‚ clearly outweigh the costs to consumers (less housing). Further‚ the short-run supply of housing
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with their competition through certain adjustments and empolying different strategies. There are certain phenomena that may occur upon utilizing such in an industry and one of those is the price war. Price war is a market situation characterized by the cutting of prices of companies below their competitors prices. This may mainly occur on conditions wherein there is a very heavy competition present. In such situation‚ companies will do every strategy in order for them to overthrow competitors and
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Industry history: 1.the toy industry is composed of a few large firms and several hundred small manufacturers. 2. The toy industry is highly seasonal. 3. Chain store were likely to continue to be major vendors of toys. 4. Toy industry observers break down the types of toys available into four categories: a. prestige items b. staple nondiscount toys c. semidiscount items d. extreme discount toys. Company background The company was founded in 1930 and the organizer thought each toy must have
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1. Under what environmental conditions are price wars most likely to occur in an industry? What are the implications of price wars for a company? How should a company try to deal with the threat of a price war? Price wars are most likely to occur when the following conditions are present in an industry: the product is a commodity‚ exit barriers are substantial‚ excess capacity exists‚ the industry is consolidated‚ and demand is declining. A price war constitutes a strong threat. It is difficult
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Analysts expect gas prices to decrease or remain mostly flat not only in 2014‚ but for years to come. Nonetheless‚ drivers in some states will see higher prices at the pump‚ starting January 1. Gas prices may not have seemed all that cheap in 2013. But in fact‚ prices for the year as a whole were less expensive than they have been. According toAAA’s year-end report‚ American drivers paid $3.49 per gallon of regular‚ on average for 2013. That’s the cheapest per-gallon average since 2010; the national
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A Problem with Price A Problem of Price This vignette is characteristic of what happens when buyers are asleep at the wheel. Sue Jones is a newly promoted buyer that is paying close attention to details of her new job. Sue finds that the companies that have bided in this process are all within about $50 of one another. The strange thing about thus is not the fact that the bids are so close but that the winning bid is not low enough. How does she get her cost down even lower? Sue should focus
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PRICE HIKE To understand this term we divide this term into two parts; Price and Hike and explain both the parts separately. Price is the value paid by the provider or supplier in the form of currency for rendering goods & services. While Hike is an abrupt increase or rise. It means that there is rise in prices of the goods/services required by the people living in the world. These goods/services belong to following sectors; 1. Agriculture 2. Health and Medicine 3. Education 4. Manufacturing/Industries
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