Using material from Item B and elsewhere‚ assess sociological explanations of ethnic differences both in offending and in victimisation. According to official statistics‚ there are significant ethnic differences in the likelihood of being involved in the criminal justice system. Specifically‚ black people are over-represented in the system. In this essay I will talk about the reasons for these differences. One of the reasons for the differences in crime statistics is put forward but left realists
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we will identify the principles of non-verbal communication. These principles explain the effects of what non-verbal communication really is. Next‚ a description of the different types of non-verbal communication will be presented along with an explanation of their meaning. Furthermore‚ we will identify how different cultures use non-verbal communication around the world. The conclusion will involve a summary of non-verbal communication‚ a reinforcement of its importance‚ and an implication for
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Brief review and explanation of Effort Justification Effort Justification is a theory of social psychology stemming from Festinger ’s (1957) theory of Cognitive Dissonance. Effort justification theory states that people have tendency to attribute a greater value to an outcome they had to put effort into obtaining. Cognitive Dissonance theory attempts to explain people ’s change of attitudes or beliefs when they face a dissonance between contradicting cognitions. Effort Justification theory is only
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Sex and Aggression: Whip me‚ Beat me‚ Make me feel like an IDIOT! This documentary does hit on the key issues of instinctual drive‚ Sex and Aggression. I felt like sex and aggression was met by both participants in each sexcapade by the use of what the customer felt was a mixture of love and domination. Love is what I felt all the customers were looking to their dominatrix for; and by them humiliating‚ beating and subduing them the customer attained a feeling of what they felt was love‚ something
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Cesare Lombroso’s biological explanations: How relevant are they to modern criminal psychology? Cesare Lombroso is thought of by many as the founding father of criminal psychology (Kushner 2011; Assael & Avanzini‚ 1997; Granieri and Fazio‚ 2011). When Lombroso was alive his theories on the biological explanations of crime were seen as cutting edge (Kurella‚ 1911) but after death his theories were ridiculed and denigrated (Gatti & Verde‚ 2012) with Abraham Verghese referring to them as “pseudoscience
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Assess sociological explanations of changes in the status of childhood? Childhood is a social construction and varies between times‚ places and groups. Most sociologists see our ides of childhood as a fairly recent one‚ the result of industrialisation and other social changes. Modern society constructs childhood as a tie of vulnerability‚ innocence and segregation from the adult world. The March of progress sociologist believe we live in an increasingly child-centred society. They state that children
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It can be argued that the universe is too complex for evolutionary theory to explain it with reference to intelligent design. This states that some organisms are way too complex to have been created through evolution. For example‚ if you take away a feature from the eye it will not be able to see thus it would not have evolved as all its features were needed for it to be able to be classed as an eye. Secondly‚ Paley’s watch analogy explains how the world shows design and order which proves that
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Psy. 101 Oct 01‚ 2014 Human Evolution The Evolutionary History of Life on earth traces the process by which living and fossil organisms have evolved since life on the planet first originated until the present day. According to research earth formed about 4.5 Ga (billion years) ago and life appeared on its surface within 1 billion years. The similarities between all present day organizes indicate the presence of a common ancestor from which all known species have diverged through the process of
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Love is a Disease: An Explication of Sonnet 147 Love is a disease. Desire is deadly. When one thinks about Shakespeare’s sonnets‚ the instinctual response is the thought of romance. For instance the adoring lines‚ “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day/ Thou are more lovely and more temperate” (Sonnet 18‚ 1-2)‚ are thought to be the most famous words from a Shakespearean sonnet. However‚ instead of describing love in a starry-eyed fashion‚ Shakespeare discusses the punitive characteristics of
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Is war ever justified? Is war ever justified? I would say yes. Others would say no. I believe that there are some situations that resort to going to war and that there are some that do not. If Britain hadn’t declared war on Germany when they invaded Poland‚ what would have happened? Would Jews still be persecuted? Would Hitler have had his "perfect" race or blonde hair and blue eyes? Would most of Europe now not be speaking English or French‚ Spanish‚ Portuguese etc.‚ but be speaking German? Britain
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