EVOLUTIONARY THEORY Evolution is the process in which significant changes in the inheritable traits (genetic makeup) of a species occur over time. The validity and value of evolutionary biology are based on continual analysis and interpretation of accumulating science data. THEORIES OF ORGANIC EVOLUTION • Historically three theories • The views of most modern biologists combine the second and third • No evidence of the first theory‚ that of Lamarck LAMARCK: Inherited Acquired Characteristics
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Human sexuality is such a broad subject with many interesting theories. Some people think that human sexuality is just a god-given trait that we are born with. People do not want to further research sexuality because of the controversial issues that society has introduced today. Psychologists‚ on the other hand‚ have researched sexuality and have come up with very interesting theories and outcomes. Psychology has been especially helpful in the area of human sexuality‚ where our understanding lags
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Jurmain‚ Kilgore‚ & Trevathan Essentials of Physical Anthropology‚ 7th Edition CHAPTER 2: THE DEVELOPMENT OF EVOLUTIONARY THEORY Learning Objectives After reading Chapter 2‚ you should be able to… 1. Trace the development of theories of biological evolution in light of advances in the natural sciences‚ resulting in part from the age of discovery & exploration 2. Understand Western European world views (e.g.‚ the notions of fixity of species & a general sense of stasis) & how these
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Examination of the Role of Evolution Theory in Predicting Criminal Behavior Walden University 9/23/2012 Abstract In this paper I will briefly describe the evolutionary theory in general‚ and specifically as it relates to the study of criminology. I will examine the ways in which natural selection has shaped the processes which motivate human behavior‚ especially in terms of how competing for limited resources and ensuring that one’s genetic code is passed on are linked to aggressive behavior
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Theory of Evolutionary Psychology PSY 331 Instructor Malish Jan. 11‚ 2012 The Evolutionary theory of learning is a sub- category of the school of Evolutionary psychology. The study of evolutionary psychology focuses on a combination of sciences‚ evolutionary biology and cognitive psychology‚ anthropology‚ and neuroscience. The basic theory seeks to explain‚ through universal mechanisms‚ why humans act and learn the way they do. EP (evolutionary psychology) theorists attempt to reconstruct early
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The Evolutionary Theory of Attachment Bowlby’s evolutionary theory consists of a number of essential factors. The evolutionary theory of attachment as proposed by John Bowlby (1907-1990) suggests that attachment‚ in terms of adaptation‚ is essential for survival. In order to progress healthily‚ children are born with an innate tendency to form attachments. This means that infants are pre-programmed to become attached to their caregiver. This is supported by the research of Lorenz (1952) in
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Evolutionary Theory of Attachment The evolutionary explanation of attachments was first developed by Bowlby. He said that an attachment is biological and crucial for survival as it ensures the infant is cared for due to the reciprocal nature of attachment. Bowlby also said that both infants and carers are innately programmed with the ability to make attachments and that Bowlby believes in monotropy‚ the belief that a child can only create an attachment with one primary caregiver only and this
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Theories of Sleep The ’Restoration Theory’ is a psychological approach to sleep which claims that we need to sleep in order for our brain to restore energy resources depleted from biological processes throughout the day and remove any useless waste from the muscles. Oswald’s research in 1966 proposed that the brain and the body are restored through different stages of sleep‚ the former being restored during rapid eye movement sleep and the latter during slow-wave sleep‚ part of non-rapid eye movement
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Active gene-environment interaction has its foundations in evolutionary theory. Evolutionary theorists had identified that assortative mating allowed individuals with similar traits to gravitate toward one another (Rhule-Louie and McMahon‚ 2007)‚ thus resulting in antisocial behaviour partnerships (Coyne and Wright‚ 2015). Consequently‚ these genes and antisocial environments created by these individuals play a massive role in segregated cross-generational criminal behaviour in families (Baum‚ 2013)
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Evolutionary psychology is an approach that explains psychological traits such as perception‚ memory‚ and language as adaptations. This approach is focused on how evolution has shaped mind and behavior. Michael Ghiselin coined the term evolutionary psychology‚ making him a key theorist. Other key theorists include Jerome Barkow‚ Leda Cosminde‚ and John Tooby. These three popularized the concept of evolutionary psychology with their book “The Adapted Mind: Evolutionary Psychology and the Generation
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