Discuss genetic explanations for aggression. Early research concentrated on chromosomal abnormalities but no specific genotype has been associated with aggression. Genes determine how much testosterone a person’s body produces and how quickly it circulates around their body. Genes also determine the synthesis of testosterone receptors‚ and how many and how sensitive such receptors are. The gene called monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) produces an enzyme which regulates the metabolism of serotonin in
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Outline and evaluate one or more social explanations of aggression. Aggression has been defined as ‘any form of behavior directed towards the goal of hurting or injuring another human being or animal that is motivated to avoid such treatment’ (Baron). Various types of aggression have been identified; person-orientated aggression‚ which is when the main goal is to harm another person and instrumental aggression‚ when aggression is used in order to achieve a desired goal. An important
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Outline and evaluate the evolutionary explanation of gender development. Gender refers to the concepts o masculine and feminine whereas sex is the biological fact of being a male or female. According to the evolutionary approach‚ gender differences are neither deliberate nor conscious; they exist because they enhanced or helped men and women perform particular types of roles in the past. Therefore‚ the role differences we observe are more a product of our biological inheritance than acquired through
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The evolutionary explanation of gender difference Evolutionary means organism developing from an earlier form in order to survive in their environment. Parental investment theory Trivlers put forward that women have to be choosy about the partner they choose because they are stuck with the child for much longer than the male is required for reproduction. This is meant to explain why men are so assertive and aggressive because it is best for him to have sex with lots of people; for a women
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HUMAN AGGRESSION Craig A. Anderson and Brad J. Bushman Department of Psychology‚ Iowa State University‚ Ames‚ Iowa 50011-3180; e-mail: caa@iastate.edu‚ bushman@iastate.edu Key Words violence‚ harm‚ theory‚ general aggression model ■ Abstract Research on human aggression has progressed to a point at which a unifying framework is needed. Major domain-limited theories of aggression include cognitive neoassociation‚ social learning‚ social interaction‚ script‚ and excitation trans-fer
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Discuss one or more evolutionary explanations of group display in humans. Group behaviour can possess an adaptive advantage for the individuals within the group‚ which is why it can appear in particular social situations. An example of this appears within sports crowds. Natural selection favours genes that cause human beings to be altruistic towards members of their own group‚ yet intolerant towards outsiders (xenophobia). It would be adaptive to exaggerate negative stereotypes of outsiders‚ as
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Discuss evolutionary explanations of the functions of sleep. Evolutionary explanation of sleep suggests there four mains reasons for it‚ energy conservation‚ foraging requirements‚ predator avoidance and to waste time. The evolutionary approach has also been called the ecological approach. It is called ‘ecological’ because it is based on observations of animals in their natural environment. Energy conservation is the theory that warm blooded animals need to expend a lot of energy to maintain a
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Evolutionary approach to food preference – perfect essay Evolution is the change in inherited characteristics of biological populations over successive generations. The environment our early ancestors lived in must be understood to understand why they adapted to certain behaviours or characteristics. This environment is known as EEA (environment of evolutionary adaption). Natural history and science have found that our species has spent much of its life as hunter-gatherers so by looking at their
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Describe and Evaluate Two Social Psychological Theories of Aggression One social psychological theory of aggression is based on the Social Learning Theory. It is the behavioural approach‚ which suggests that all behaviours‚ such as aggression are learnt‚ through observation and imitation‚ the theory suggests that there are various steps which need to take place in order for aggression to be learnt. First of all‚ attention needs to be paid to the aggressive behaviour‚ it is then important for the
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Discuss the role of neural mechanisms involved in controlling eating and satiation. 8+16 or 4+8 1. The body is regulated by homeostatic mechanisms; concerning food intake this is dependent on glucose levels. Decrease in glucose levels means hunger levels increase‚ whereas an increase in glucose levels means satiation is reached. 2. Research has revealed two significant eating centres in the hypothalamus; the lateral hypothalamus (LH) and the ventro-medial hypothalamus (VMH). Research from the 1940s
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