MERCK: OPEN FOR INNOVATION? Founded in 1891 as an American subsidiary of his German namesake‚ Merck was once considered the “undisputed king of the pharmaceutical industry with ground‐ breaking drugs”(The Chief Executive 2003). But for the last decade‚ Merck has gone through a period of stagnation; it began to lose exclusivity patents on blockbuster drugs and has witnessed Pfizer’s rise to top place in the industry. It seemed now that internal R&D that was once the company’s main asset would
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The future of open innovation Oliver Gassmann1‚ Ellen Enkel2 and Henry Chesbrough3 Institute of Technology Management‚ University of St. Gallen‚ Dufourstrasse 40a‚ CH-9000 St. Gallen‚ Switzerland. oliver.gassmann@unisg.ch 2 Dr. Manfred Bischoff Institute of Innovation Management of EADS‚ Zeppelin University‚ Am Seemoser Horn 20‚ D-88045 Friedrichshafen‚ Germany. ellen.enkel@zeppelin-university.de 3 Center for Open Innovation‚ F402 Hass School of Business‚ University of California‚ Berkeley‚ CA
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What is your first reaction when the teacher announces that your next exam will be an open book test? Most students breathe a sigh of relief‚ because they think they’re getting a break. But are they? In fact‚ open book tests are not easy tests. Open book tests teach you how to find information when you need it. The questions are designed to teach you how to use your brain and not just see its memorizing capabilities like the closed book examination. And contrary to popular belief‚ you do not
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In the short stories the "Open Boat" written by Stephen Crane and "Cathedral" written by Raymond Carver‚ tell a tale about different groups of people who go through life changing experiences and come out in the end as a stronger community. Everywhere we look communities surround us all. From our families and friends to the people we go to school with. Communities make up the essence of our everyday life. The four main characters in the "Open Boat" are the captain‚ the cook‚ the correspondent‚ and
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[pic] From the May 2008 issue To Prevent Wildfires‚ Avoid Open Burning Due to retreating snows and the onset of warm‚ dry weather‚ people should avoid burning brush and other debris during early spring conditions. Every spring‚ firefighters respond to hundreds of wildfires caused by open burning. In fact‚ brush and debris burning is the second most common preventable cause of wildfires. A lack of green vegetation‚ lots of dead vegetation‚ warm temperatures‚ sun and winds all allow wildfires
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Open/Closed Source POS 355 Open/Closed Source Product distribution probably seems very simple to the general public. Most people probably believe that it is simply how the product enters the end user’s hands. This is true‚ but with software distribution there are a couple different methods that the average person probably doesn’t know about. Open and closed source are the two ways in which software is distributed. They both have their advantages and disadvantages‚ but when it comes to operating
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Open Campus Lunch for Junior and Seniors The bell rings. It is time for lunch. Students all over the building feel the rumble in their stomachs. It is the ache of hunger. Unfortunately‚ the school cafeteria is not the place to go. Taco Bell or McDonalds will definitely satisfy the hunger‚ though. There are many pro’s and con’s regarding a open campus program for high school junior and seniors. On average‚ schools that have approved such a program have seen a drastic improvement in its students;
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The Open Door Policy The “Open Door Policy” is a foreign affairs idea which refers to the policy in 1899 that was made so that all countries could use China to trade without taking control of China. The “Open Door Policy” with China was proposed in the open door notes of September-November 1899‚ by William Woodville Rockhill. The United States gained power of the Philippine Islands in 1898 and became an Eastern Power. When the Imperial Powers were closing down on taking over China the US felt threatened
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Stephen Crane: The Open Boat In his short story‚ ’The Open Boat‚’ Stephen Crane displays to us a universe completely indifferent to the affairs of humankind; we live in an apathetic world‚ in which man has to fight and struggle to live. The characters illustrated in the story come face-to-face with this indifference and all are nearly overcome by nature’s lack of concern with humanity. The survivors are alive primarily through determination and cooperation. We as human are alive because our constant
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e-Library Science Research Journal Vol.1‚Issue.7/May. 2013 ISSN : 2319-8435 Research Papers OPEN SOURCE LIBRARY MANAGEMENT SOFTWARES SUKHWINDER RANDHAWA Assistant Librarian Centre for Research in Rural and Industrial Development (CRRID) Abstract Open source software are those which permit execution‚ copy‚ read‚ distribution and improvement of the software without any restrictions. Library Management Software (LMS)‚ is an enterprise resource planning system for a library‚ used
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