Toyota Motor Financing Activities Debt to Equity (Total Liabilities / Total Equity) [pic] This ratio measures the financial leverage of a company by indicating what proportion of debt and equity a company is using to finance its assets. A lower number suggests there is both a lower risk involved for creditors and strong‚ long-term‚ financial security for a company. Based on the debt ratio of Toyota‚ as of 2009‚ the debt ratio is much higher than of other financial year. The year to year
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Contents 1.0 Question 1: Critically comment on the sources of long term funds used by the company to finance its operations 2 2.0 Question 2: Based on your answers in part 1‚ discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using those sources of debt financing over the equity financing for the company. 5 3.0 Question 3: Distinguish between money and capital markets‚ and evaluate any two types of securities traded in the money markets‚ respectively 8 4.0 References 11 1.0 Question 1:
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Preferred stock $2‚400‚000 Common stock $6‚300‚000 Company will sell 10-year bond at 6.5% per year at a market price of $1‚028 Preferred stock paying $2.02 dividend can be sold for $25.07 Common stock is selling at $54.44 per share and the firm pay dividend of $2.97 last year. Dividend is expected to continue growing at a rate of 5.3% per year into the indefinite future. If the firm’s tax rate is 30% what discount rate should be used to evaluate equipment price? After
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SHARE CAPITAL Share capital is the Funds raised by issuing shares in return for cash or other considerations. The amount of share capital a company has can change over time because each time a business sells new shares to the public in exchange for cash‚ the amount of share capital will increase. Share capital can be composed of both common and preferred shares. Each share carrying a vote in the management of the business‚ managerial control may be limited. The authorized capital of a company is
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Comparison of the Effects of Exogenous Oil Supply Shocks on Output and Inflation in the G7 Countries. Journal of the European Economic Association‚ 6(1)‚ 78-121. Kiseok‚ L.‚ & Shawn Ni‚ B. (2002). On the Dynamic Effects of Oil Price Shocks: A Study Using Industrial Level Data. Journal of Monetary Economics‚ 49(4)‚ 823-852. Klein‚ L. R.‚ Duggal‚ V. K.‚ & Saltzman‚ C. (2005). The Sensitivity of the General Price Level to Changes in the Price of Crude Oil. Business Economics‚ 40(4)‚ 74-77. Lippi‚ F.‚
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Below are the different types of share capital of a company:- Preference Shares‚ Ordinary Shares‚ Deferred Shares‚ Redeemable Shares and Share Warrants to Bearer. Preference Shares are shares which normally entitle the shareholders a priority to receive a fixed rate of dividend out of the profits of the Company (current year only) per annum. Different classes of preference shares may exist. Preference shares are usually cumulative and non-participating. They cannot participate to further
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MEASURE: Gearing Ratio: Marks and Spencer: Gearing ratio of Marks and Spencer was stable for three years from 1999 to 2001. Fall in 2001 has forced it to revert to old policy whereby it proposed group structuring and capital restructuring strategy which required funds. "To funds these cost‚ it entered into structured Sale and lease back agreement‚ sold its 78 freehold and leasehold stores across UK for cash consideration of £348 million to Top land Group". (www.marksandspencer.com‚ 03/03/2004)
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1 Abstract When appraising an investment‚ it’s necessary to find the right valuation method do apply based on the internal and external conditions. This paper will focus on the differences and similarities when using the economic profit (EP) or the discounted cash flow (DCF) method when appraising an investment. When applied correctly‚ both valuation methods yield the same result; however‚ each model has certain benefits in practice. The DCF method uses future cash flows projections and discounts
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which companies can raise capital. Debt financing is when a company takes out a loan that generally has a defined time period and interest rate attached to the transaction. Debt financing include loans‚ leases‚ bank overdrafts and terms of trade. Next‚ equity financing is when a company issues shares to the other investors which can be the general public or investment companies. These shares represent ownership of the company to the extent of the shares held by the person; in essence it is like
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Financing SMEs –Key Challenges and issues for Bankers Wickrama Narayana Chief Manager-SME Development People’s Bank The definition of Small & Medium scale Enterprises (SMEs) varies from country to country. The classification can be based on the firm’s assets‚ number of employees‚ or annual turnover along with the loan amount. Central Bank of Sri Lanka defines SMEs as enterprises with less than Rs. 600 million turnover per annum and with a maximum exposure of Rs. 200 million mainly to be classified
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