www.elsevier.com/locate/smrv CLINICAL REVIEW Sleep loss‚ learning capacity and academic performance Giuseppe Curcioa‚Â Michele Ferraraa‚b‚ Luigi De Gennaroa a Department of Psychology‚ University of Rome ‘La Sapienza’‚ Rome‚ Italy Department of Internal Medicine and Public Health‚ University of L’Aquila‚ Rome‚ Italy b KEYWORDS Sleep deprivation; Learning; Memory; Academic performance; Neurocognitive functioning; Adolescents; Prefrontal cortex Summary At a time when
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Child Labour Child labour is one of the topic that presents strong emotions‚ beliefs and opinions. Most people are opposed to the involvement of children in labour force activities when they are at an age when other activities‚ such as education and play‚ should be the central role in development. However‚ child labour represents an extremely difficult and complex issue which often extends beyond emotions‚ beliefs and opinions. Much of this has to do with the understanding that a wide variety
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Child Labour What is it? Child labour refers to the employment of children in any work that deprives children of their childhood‚ interferes with their ability to attend regular school‚ and that is mentally‚ physically‚ socially‚ it is dangerous and harmful.[ When did it start? In the late 1700’s and early 1800’s‚ powerdriven machines replaced hand labour for the making of most manufactured items. Factories began to spring up everywhere‚ first in England and then in the United States. The owners
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legal duty". and compulsory primary education is the policy instrument by which the sates effectively removed children from the work force. in India‚ child labour persists on a significant scale.Child labour is neither illegal nor is schooling compulsory.child labour usually refers to children up to the age of 14‚ following the ILO(international labour organisation) convention. It resolution on age of the employment‚concerning age for admission to the employment and that is 18. the occupations specified
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CHILD MARRIAGE IN INDIA: Definition: Child marriage means that two children are forced to marry each other with the consent of the two families. The children are forced into the institution of marriage without knowing about its significance in the long run. Though parents are of the opinion that they involve their children in such rituals because it is an age old custom and it will also secure the future of their children but the reality is not so. Though in some cases parents believe in such superstitions
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CHILD LABOUR What is child labor? Children working under age of 5-14‚ are known as child laborers. This social evil is continuously going on strengthening its roots in our society. Can we eliminate child labor? Though it is a desirable goal the fact remains that in the given socio-economic scenario that is prevalent in our country‚ it is virtually impossible to do away with child labor. One cannot dispute the fact that employers exploit children by paying them much less than what they would pay
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(United Nations Children’s Fund) defines child labor as “work that exceeds a minimum number of hours‚ depending on the age of a child and on the type of work.” According to UNICEF‚ 158 million children‚ ages ranging from 5 to 14‚ are engaged in child labor. Many face life-threatening jobs‚ such as coal mining‚ metalwork‚ and other work that involve contact with pesticides‚ highly toxic chemicals‚ and sexually transmitted diseases. International Labour Organisation (ILO) states that‚ “the total
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teachers and dear friends‚ my objective today is to talk about the social evil of child labour in our country. Child labor in India is a human right issue for the whole world. It is a serious and extensive problem‚ with many children under the age of fourteen working in carpet making factories‚ glass blowing units and making fireworks. According to the statistics given by Indian government there are 20 million child laborers in the country‚ while other agencies claim that it is 50 million. In Northern
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by academic performance. Over the years‚ the importance of students doing well in school has become the common concern of parent‚ legislators‚ teachers‚ counselors and psychologist. According to Bell (2002)‚ parents devote a lot of resources to their children ’s education because they believe that good academic performance will provide a stable future for them. Also‚ Wilkins (2001) opined that many educational authorities have sought to find out reasons for the downward trend in the academic performance
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Child Labour Defination Wordsworth has said: “The child is father or the man.” Children are our future. Now when they are so important‚ we must realize what are doing for them. Have we succeeded in providing them the basic necessities of life such as education and health care? Although the government NGOs and other organizations are busy in solving the problem of child labour yet nothing seems to have come out of their work. Poverty is the main case of this failure. The poor parents are
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