Effect of changes in substrate concentration on the reaction rate of an enzyme IB biology Internal Assessment 3/23/12 Research Question: Effect of changes in substrate concentration amount on the reaction rate of an enzyme Introduction: In this experiment‚ the substrate is hydrogen peroxide. The purpose of this investigation is to find out the relationship between the substrate concentration and the rate of reaction. Substrates are molecules that are acted upon by enzymes. For instance
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Patrick McCrystal Enzymes: Natural Catalysts Enzymes are catalytic proteins‚ meaning they speed up chemical reactions without beingused up or altered permanently in the process. Although various enzymes use different methods‚all accomplish catalysis by lowering the activation energy for the reaction‚ thus allowing it tooccur more easily. Enzymes have very specific shapes (conformations). Part of the conformationis the active site of the enzyme‚ where the actual catalysis occurs. The specific molecule
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Interpretation and Evaluation of Results Interpretation: The results from the experiment determining the effects of pH on enzyme activity show that as the independent variable‚ pH‚ increases the dependent variable‚ percentage transmission‚ decreases. This is shown in the results as at the lowest pH‚ pH 4.0 the average percentage transmission is at its highest at 97%. At the highest pH‚ pH 8.0 the average transmission is 78.5%. This is also supported from the graph as it produces a negative gradient
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An investigation into the effects of sugar concentration on yeast activity Introduction: Yeasts are eukaryotic micro organisms belonging to the kingdom fungi. Yeasts live on sugars and produce ethanol and carbon dioxide as by-products. [James Mallory‚ 1984]When Yeasts are given water and sucrose they convert the sucrose into glucose then convert the glucose into carbon dioxide and ethanol following the following reaction: C₆H₁₂O₆ ( 2(C₂H₅OH + CO₂ [Brady Burkhart‚ Terrell Grayson and Eric Kimler
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Each enzyme has it optimum temperature range at which it functions at an optimum efficiency. In this experiment‚ Rennin might have an optimum temperature of 37 degrees Celsius as it is found in the stomachs of young mammals. As the temperature is increased‚ the rate of reaction (time for milk to curdle) will also increase until the optimum temperature is reached (37 degrees). After reaching this set point‚ the activity of the enzyme will gradually begin to decrease and the rate of reaction will
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Dana Calderone Responses of Enzyme Activity from pH and Concentration Abstract Enzymes are the key to many of the chemical reactions that our bodies depend on to live. Without enzymes‚ we would not exist. These biological catalysts speed up the reactions as well as reduce the amount of activation energy needed to complete the process. Knowing how important enzymes are to us‚ it is important to realize what they require to function. They need select conditions and rates to work right. These conditions
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Enzyme-Controlled Reaction Procedure: Click the TV/VCR. Then click the Play button on the video controller. Watch an animation about enzyme action. Click More Information to read about enzymes and substrates. To conduct the experiment: Adjust the pH level of the test tube by click the up and down arrows Add substrate to each of the test tubes that already contain an enzyme solution Click and drag a piece of weighing paper with the powdered substrate to a test tube. Click the computer monitor to
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HB105: Introductory Physiology The Action of Enzymes Introduction An enzyme is located in all living cells‚ and is a complex protein molecules. These protein based molecule act as a catalyst. This is a compound that aids chemical reactions without its own structure and state being changed during the process. Catalysts speed up chemical reactions‚ changing substrates into specific produce. Without these enzymes life would not exist. Enzymes are fundamental to all living things as they speed up
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Show numerical values. 1. What is the initial temperature of each beaker? Beaker A 95 Beaker B 5 2. Click Play ([pic]) and observe. A. What happens to the temperature of Beaker A over time? Beaker a goes down over time. B. What happens to the temperature of Beaker B over time? Beaker b goes up. 3. Why do you think the temperatures of Beaker A and Beaker B changed as they did? Because of conduction. |Activity A: |Get the Gizmo ready:
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ENZYME COFACTORS AND INHIBITORS 1. DESCRIBE THE GENERAL ROLE OF COFACTORS IN ENZYME ACTIVITY. Some chemicals enhance an enzyme’s activity‚ which is what cofactors function to do. They are a non-protein component of an enzyme and may be organic molecules (called coenzymes) or inorganic ions. 2. (A) NAME FOUR HEAVY METALS THAT ARE TOXIC TO HUMANS. Four heavy metals that are toxic to humans are: 1. Cadmium (Cd) 2. Lead (Pb) 3. Mercury (Hg) 4. Arsenic (As) (B) EXPLAIN IN GENERAL TERMS WHY THESE
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