OCEAN PLASTICS POLLUTION: A GLOBAL TRAGEDY FOR OUR OCEANS AND SEA LIFE Plastic never goes away. And it’s increasingly finding its way into our oceans and onto our beaches. In the Los Angeles area alone‚ 10 metric tons of plastic fragments — like grocery bags‚ straws and soda bottles — are carried into the Pacific Ocean every day. Today billions of pounds of plastic can be found in swirling convergences making up about 40 percent of the world’s ocean surfaces. Plastics pollution has a direct and
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SOIL POLLUTION INTRODUCTION Soil is the thin layer of organic and inorganic materials that covers the Earth’s rocky surface. The organic portion‚ which is derived from the decayed remains of plants and animals‚ is concentrated in the dark uppermost topsoil. The inorganic portion made up of rock fragments‚ was formed over thousands of years by physical and chemical weathering of bedrock. Productive soils are necessary for agriculture to supply the world with sufficient
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CHAPTER 8 Soil Compaction Soil compaction is one of the most critical components in the construction of roads‚ airfields‚ embankments‚ and foundations. The durability and stability of a structure are related to the achievement of proper soil compaction. Structural failure of roads and airfields and the damage caused by foundation settlement can often be traced back to the failure to achieve proper soil compaction. Compaction is the process of mechanically densifying a soil. Densification
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plastic-def. A plastic material is any of a wide range of synthetic or semi-synthetic organic solids that are moldable. Plastics are typically organic polymers of high molecular mass‚ but they often contain other substances. They are usually synthetic‚ most commonly derived from petrochemicals‚ but many are partially natural. Plastics Characteristics Plastics are made from fossil fuels--petroleum‚ natural gas‚ coal--‚ wood and some plant materials‚ air‚ water and sometimes other common materials
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Determining the Plastic Limit and Plasticity Index of Soil (Referenced Document: ASTM D 4318) OBJECTIVE: To determine the plastic limit and plasticity index of soil. APPARATUS AND SUPPLIES Evaporating dish Spatula Ground-glass plate—at least 30 cm (12 in.) square by 1 cm (3⁄8 in.) thick for mixing soil and rolling plastic limit threads Balance (with accuracy to 0.01 g) Containers Oven PREPARATION OF TEST SPECIMEN Select a 20-g portion of soil from the material prepared for the
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Soil Mechanics Soil is the most misunderstood term in the field. The problem arises in the reasons for which different groups or professions study soils. Soil scientists are interested in soils as a medium for plant growth. So soil scientists focus on the organic rich part of the soils horizon and refer to the sediments below the weathered zone as parent material. Classification is based on physical‚ chemical‚ and biological properties that can be observed and measured. Soils engineers think
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What Is Soil Pollution? Soil pollution comprises the toxic waste of soils with resources‚ mostly chemicals that are out of place or are present at concentrations advanced than normal which may have unpleasant effects on humans or other organisms. However‚ soil pollution is also caused by resources other than the undeviating addition of man-made chemicals such as undeveloped runoff waters‚ industrial waste materials‚ acidic precipitates‚ and radioactive clash. Both organic and inorganic contaminants
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Soil Pollution The process of contamination of the land surface of the earth is referred to as land pollution. It results from human activities that cause imbalance in nature. Dumping human and industrial waste harmful agricultural practices and exposing the land to harmful chemicals leads to the pollution of land. We speak of water and air pollution and rarely even think of the adverse effects of land pollution. Let me share with you some of the important facts about land pollution. Land
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From the time we hit our plastic alarm clock in the morning until the time we squeeze tooth paste out of its plastic sleeve onto our plastic tooth brush when we go to bed‚ we are surrounded by plastic. Our food is packaged in it‚ our children play with toys made from it‚ we talk on plastic cell phones‚ and we sit on chairs of plastic at work writing with plastic pens‚ drinking from plastic water bottles. Plastic is everywhere. Where does all this plastic end up? It does not just disappear when we
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Positive and Negative effects of Plastic Surgery Plastic surgery was designed to make the human body look better. Thousands of people have these operations done every year to change their face and body. When people think about having plastic surgery procedures‚ they think about how beautiful they will look once they have healed. They anticipate how much better their life will be when they finally had the rhinoplasty or breast augmentation that they had been dreaming about. What many of these
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