I. Confucianism The dominant philosophy in China‚ Confucianism is based on the teaching of Confucius. He lived more than 1‚000 years before the Song dynasty. His ideas‚ though‚ had a dramatic effect on the Song system of government. A. Confucian Ideas Confucius’s teachings focused on ethics‚ or proper behavior‚ for individuals and governments. He said that people should conduct their lives according to two basic principles. These principles were ren‚ or concern for others‚ and li‚
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with historical events often related to their dynasty. These cycles are often studied solely from a sociopolitical perspective‚ but studying the philosophical component‚ such as the Mandate of Heaven‚ is of equal importance. Considered to be of divine parentage‚ the mandate‚ the authority to rule being for those that Heaven deemed virtuous‚ was first used to justify the ruling of the Zhou kings. The mandate also explained that the first ruler of each dynasty was virtuous and that with each son‚ the ruler
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Hongwu Emperor Brag Sheet * In 1352‚ Zhu joined one of the many insurgent forces that had risen in rebellion against the Mongol-ruled Yuan Dynasty. * He rose rapidly through the ranks and became a commander. * In 1356‚ Zhu Yuanzhang’s army conquered Nanjing‚ which became his base of operations and the official capital of the Ming Dynasty during his reign. * Zhu’s government in Nanjing became famous for good governance and the city attracted vast numbers of people fleeing from
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When the Han Dynasty of China extended its influence to central Asia in the first century B.C‚ trade and cultural ties between China and Central Asia increased. The dynasty intensified the relationship between China and the Central Asian religion. As a result‚ the Chinese people learnt the Buddhism religion‚ and in the middle of the Century‚ a community of Buddhists had already formed in China. The Buddhist populace demanded some texts‚ which may aid the translation of Indian language into Chinese
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that if another family becomes more virtuous it is their right to overthrow the previous king and family. Both Confucius and the Western Zhou thought the Mandate of Heaven was important but they differ on what defines virtue. In the Western Zhou Dynasty‚ virtue signified being powerful on the battlefield. While Confucius saw virtue as having humanity which was when a person acted with “reverence‚ generosity‚ truthfulness‚ diligence and kindness” (19). It is certainly curious that in mirroring the
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The Zhou Dynasty (700 BC- 256 BC) collapsed when China was constantly facing war and violence. (China was in the constant state of violence and battle) The lack of social harmony destroyed this era. The Chinese believed that having traditions and customs would give the community a sense of unity. The deterioration of tradition and many other factors caused chaos and violence. Because of the political instability and warring of the Zhou Dynasty‚ philosophies like Confucianism and Legalism developed
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Analyze similarities and differences in methods of political control in the following empires in the classical period. Han China (206 B.C.E.-220 C.E.) Mauryan/Gupta India (320 B.C.E.-550 C.E.) During the Classical period‚ Han China and Mauryan/Gupta India developed many methods of political control. Although these empires were located in different geographic regions‚ they both used social hierarchy‚ language‚ bureaucracy‚ and religion as a means of political control. Many of Classical
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the peace through assimilation until his death. It was true that powerful empires would expand their regions through military force. However‚ it did not mean that military force could solve every problem after conquering. In fact‚ Han dynasty‚ the Maurya dynasty and the kingdom of Macedon utilized education‚ laws and assimilation as other kinds of bloodless weapons‚ to protect their expand regions
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and even higher than a swallow? In the horse culture of China‚ it indeed has been recorded that the swiftest horses could actually catch up with birds. The work of ancient Chinese art I referring to is the Bronze Galloping Horse‚ from the East Han Dynasty about 2‚000 years ago. By 221 B.C.E.‚ the Qin ruler‚ Shih Huang Ti‚ had replaced the last Zhou emperor‚ and ruled all of China. In fact‚ his title‚ Shih Huang Ti‚ meant first universal emperor‚ while his dynasty’s name came to represent all of the
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The Roman and Han Empires were the most powerful empires among the Classical Empires. The Han Dynasty and Roman Empire were similar in their falls because they both fell to nomadic invaders‚ and because they both fell because of a decline in economic trade. The Han and the Roman Empires were different in their falls because the Han suffered from serious revolts whereas the Romans did not; also the effects of their falls were different because China was able to make a fairly quick comeback whereas
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