DNA Cloning PCB3063L Section DNA cloning refers to the process of making multiple copies of a DNA fragment. For the past weeks we have conducted a set of experiments that allow us to clone a specific gene in drosophila. First we started by the process of DNA extraction‚ which allowed us to isolate the genomic DNA from D. Melanogaster. This process requires the use of lysis in other to extract the DNA and RNA. After extracting the DNA‚ we it is important to use
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Write your name here Surname Other names Centre Number Candidate Number Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry Unit: 4CH0 Science (Double Award) 4SC0 Paper: 1C Wednesday 25 May 2011 – Morning Time: 2 hours Paper Reference 4CH0/1C 4SC0/1C You must have: Ruler Candidates may use a calculator. Total Marks Instructions black ink or • Usein the boxesball-point pen. page with your name‚ Fill at the top of this • centre number and candidate number. all • Answer
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Penicillin Essay (25marks) Considered to be the first of the antibiotic medicines‚ and the first important commercial product to be produced by an aerobic‚ submerged fermentation‚ penicillin (as originally coined) strictly refers to the antimicrobial agent produced naturally by the microbe Penicilium notatum; a form of filamentous fungus. Originally discovered by Ernest Duschesne in 1896‚ it was later ‘rediscovered’ by Alexander Flemming in 1928‚ who was then credited for the discovery – though
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bacteria have a simpler cell wall‚ with a large amount of peptidoglycan. Peptidoglycan is a polymer composed of modified sugars cross-linked by short polypeptides. In effect‚ the cell wall traps the crystal violet in the cytoplasm‚ concealing the red dye safranin in gram staining experiment. Certain gram positive species have virulent strains that are resistant to one or more drugs. Gram negative bacteria on the other hand are composed of lipopolysaccharides (LPS)‚ porin channels‚ and murein lipoprotein
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Mycobacterium). These organisms contain mycolic acid in their cell walls rather than peptidoglycan. The use of Acid alcohol produces the stain since it does not decolorize an acid-fast organism. The acidic dye‚ Carbol Fuchsin‚ is the primary stain to use in order to retrain the acid-fast organism’s cell wall. Next‚ the basic counterstain‚ Methylene blue‚ is added on to stain the rest of the organism with the expectation of the acid-fast bacterium. This will
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Morinda citrifolia / Noni Morinda citrifolia is a tree in the coffee family‚ Rubiaceae. Its native range extends through Southeast Asia and Australasia‚ and the species is now cultivated throughout the tropics and widely naturalised. It is commonly known as great morinda‚ Indian mulberry‚ nunaakai (Tamil Nadu‚ India)‚ dog dumpling (Barbados)‚ mengkudu (Indonesia and Malaysia)‚ apatot (Philippines)‚ kumudu (Bali)‚ pace (Java)‚ beach mulberry‚ cheese fruit or noni (from Hawaiian). •
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Problems and Causes of Crisis Financial Collapse During economic recession started began after 2005 gave impact on Starbucks. These problem continued to effect the performance of the company until December 2010. The effect of the financial crisis Starbucks global operating income for quarter had fall 26 per cent‚ to $178 million. Earnings were down per cent‚ to 109 million‚ as Starbucks operating margin dropped from 10.7 per cent to 7.1 per cent of net revenue. Limited Coffee Bean Supplier Starbucks
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Candy Chromatography Background info: Paper chromatography is a logical technique used to separate works of a solution. Three examples of how we apply this technique to real-life would be: contaneminants in water‚ separation of plant pigmentation‚ and analysis of narcotics. Source: http://www.discoveriesinmedicine.com/Bar-Cod/Chromatography.html#b Purpose: To find out why candies are different colors. * Materials: Candy with a colored coating‚ like Skittles® or M&Ms® (4 different
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properly observe the titrations move them between a dark background and a white background. a. NaHCO3 & HCI- bubbles form b. HCI & BTB c. NH3 (Ammonia) & 1 drop of BTB- record expected color & actual result. d. HCI & blue dye e. Blue dye & NaOCI. Record findings‚ then add 1 drop of HCI f. NaOCI & KI. Observe‚ then add 1 drop of starch. See starch turns black g.KI & Pb(NO3)2. Describe precipitate formed. h.NaOH & phenolphthalein. Observations of Chemical Changes
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Clark‚ D. R. (2004). Instructional System Design Concept Map. Retrieved from http://nwlink.com~donclark/leader/leadcon.html Clark‚ D. R. (2004). Instructional System Design Concept Map. Retrieved from http://nwlink.com~donclark/leader/leadstl.html Dye‚ C. F. (2010). Appendix A Professional and Personal Values Evaluation Form in Leadership in Healthcare Essential Values and Skills Leadership Now: Building a Community of Leaders .Retrieved from http://leadershpnow.com Northouse‚ P. G. (2007). Leadership:
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