conductivity between that of an insulator and that of most metals‚ either due to the addition of an impurity or because of temperature effects. Devices made of semiconductors‚ notably silicon‚ are essential components of most electronic circuits. 1. A semiconductor is a material which has electrical conductivitybetween that of a conductor such as copper and that of an insulatorsuch as glass. semiconductor is a material whose electrical conductivity is between that of a conductor and an insulator
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ELECTRICAL CONDUCTORS A conductor is an object or type of material which permits the flow of electric charges in one or more directions. For example‚ a wire is an electrical conductor that can carry electricity along its length. Physics All conductors contain electrical charges‚ which will move when an electric potential difference (measured in volts) is applied across separate points on the material. This flow of charge (measured in amperes) is what is meant by electric current. In most
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BANNARI AMMAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Space Based Solar Power Plant Done By‚ R.Bakyalakshmi Nisha(II-EEE) S.Madhumitha(II-EEE) bakyalakshminisha@gmail.com smadhu06@yahoo.co.in Phone: 9486929017 9788515949
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2.5 Aspects of Solar Cell Efficiency Most of the energy that reaches a cell in the form of sunlight is lost before it is converted to electricity. The usual efficiency of these systems ranges between 10% to 15%‚ though sometimes this efficiency increases to 30% and more. Certain physical properties affect the cell efficiency which we will briefly state. 1- Reflection: Studies show that untreated silicon reflects 36% or more of sunlight that strikes it. Chemically coating and texturing the surface
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case of realistic profiles it is the distance at which the Concentration of the diffusing atoms drops to a characteristic lower value. For example，about 0.3 for a Gaussian concentration profile. A2.5 For commercially produced screen-printed solar cells‚ the surface doping concentration is about 1×10!" ~1×10!" ������������������������������/������������! . It is nearly the solid solubility of phosphorus in silicon substrate. On the other
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ULTRA THIN-FILM ALKALINE SOLAR CELLS Solar Cell Company Case Study Solar Cell Case Study- S. Galioğlu- 2012 2 Outline • Introduction to Solaris Photonics Ltd. and Their Novel Product : “Ultra Thin-Film Alkaline Solar Cells” • Technology Behind the Ultra Thin-Film Alkaline Solar Cell • Explanation of the Patent (UK Patent GB2468526) Solar Cell Case Study- S. Galioğlu- 2012 3 Sectional view of the structure of an ultra thin photovoltaic device with alkali metal active
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(A) Rules-based accounting standard Rule-based systems are fairly simplistic‚ consisting of little more than a set of if-then statements‚ but provide the basis for so-called "expert systems" which are widely used in many fields. The concept of an expert system is this: the knowledge of an expert is encoded into the rule set. When exposed to the same data‚ the expert system AI will perform in a similar manner to the expert. Rule-based systems are a relatively simple model that can be adapted to
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Cell Respiration & Photosynthesis BIO STUDY GUIDE (Ch. 9.1-9.5‚ 10.1-10.3) I) CELLULAR RESPIRATION A) Catabolic Pathways A.1) Fermentation: partial degradation of sugar that occurs w/o oxygen A.2) Cellular Respiration: oxygen is used A.3) Redox Reactions (Oxidation-Reduction that exchanges electrons) Oxidation: loss of electrons (energy must be added) Reduction: addition of electrons. (-) charged electrons added to atom reduce amount of (+) charge of that atom A.4) Stepwise Energy Harvest
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Solar Tracker Bill Lane* Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Cleveland State University Cleveland‚ Ohio 44115 EEC 517 April 30‚ 2008 * welane3@hotmail.com or wlane@republicengineered.com Abstract Solar energy is rapidly gaining notoriety as an important means of expanding renewable energy resources. As such‚ it is vital that those in engineering fields understand the technologies associated with this area. My project will include the design and construction of a microcontroller-based
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brevis and longus muscles. The tendon of the abductor pollicis longus bifurcates with one part inserting on the metacarpal of the thumb and the other part inserting on the falciform bone‚ the tendon to the falciform bone is the larger of the two. Between the dorsal surface of the falciform bone and the palmar surface of scapholunate‚ there is an arthrodial joint. The falciform is connected to the styliform cartilage on the opposite side of the wrist by a
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