unbalanced atrioventricular septal defect or double outlet right ventricle) (Kaulitz & Hofbeck 2005) Initial surgical palliation is targeted towards assurance of the patency of the systemic outflow without obstruction and controlling the pulmonary circulation (Khairy et al. 2007). The early stage might be variable depending on the anatomy; subsequently superior cavopulmonary anastomosis (Glenn procedure) is typically performed followed by total cavopulmonary anastomosis (Fontan procedure). RV is the
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4 CIRCULATORY SYSTEM The circulatory system contains several very different components‚ including the heart‚ a hollow muscular pump that stands at the operational center of the system that pumps liquid blood throughout the body through three types of flexible tubes‚ the blood vessels (Fig. 4.1). The arteries channel blood from the heart to all parts of the body needing service. Once there‚ the blood passes through narrow arteries and enters the capillaries‚ which are the narrowest blood vessels
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Condition Congestive Heart Failure: A Cardiovascular Condition Congestive Heart Failure is not a disease‚ but a condition in which the heart is unable to pump enough blood needed to meet the cardiac demands of the body and facilitate systemic circulation. Congestive Heart Failure can be right or left-sided‚ and is mainly a fluid issue‚ in which there is a decreased amount of blood to the kidneys. In children‚ CHF can be long term and is most common in infants; it can also result from heart failure
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These hospitalizations are one of the problems and evidence that Mrs. Fisher’s cardiac condition is worsening. Her CHF and A-fib are causing fluid retention and increased cardiac pre-load‚ decreased cardiac output‚ compromised coronary circulation‚ which is resulting in angina‚ dyspnea‚ and weakness (Copstead‚ 2013; GCU‚ 2013a). Numerous cardiac medications demonstrate an attempt to treat these signs and symptoms (GCU‚ 2013b) but Mrs. Fisher may neither truly understand her disease process‚ nor
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Saturated fat is frequently consumed in the Modern western diet and is highly abundant in places such as meat and dairy products. Research (5) analyze the existing controversy on whether consuming saturated fat is beneficial or not. Present (2) studies contribute to the discrepancy because they don’t consider the variation saturated fatty acids (SFA) have on individual people. Factors that contribute to the differences are genes‚ diet nutrients‚ obesity level‚ exercise‚ and lifestyle. Insufficient
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Congestive Heart Failure Congestive heart failure is an older name for heart failure. Congestive heart failure takes place when the heart is unable to maintain an adequate circulation of blood in the bodily tissues or to pump out the venous blood returned to it by the veins (Merriam-Webster). The heart is split into two distinct pumping structures‚ the right side of the heart and the left side of the heart. Appropriate cardiac performance involves each ventricle to extract even quantities of blood
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and a closed system of vessels called arteries‚ veins‚ and capillaries. As the name implies‚ blood contained in the circulatory system is pumped by the heart around a closed circuit of vessels as it passes again and again through the various "circulations" of the body. The Heart * The heart is enclosed by a sac known as the pericardium. There are three layers of tissues that form the heart wall. The outer layer of the heart wall is the epicardium‚ the middle layer is the myocardium‚ and the
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Causes and Effects and Preventions of Smoking among Filipinos A Research Paper Presented to: English Teacher Ramon Magsaysay (Cubao) High School Brgy. Pinagkaisahan‚ Cubao Quezon City In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for English IV By: IV-White April ‚ 2012 Approval Sheet This research entitled “Causes and Effects and Preventions of Smoking among Filipinos.” By Patrick F. Cagampan and hereby submitted for approval.
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CARDIOVASCULAR Dsyrhythmias * Etiology * Disturbances in automaticity – initiation of impulse is altered * Disturbances in conduction – alteration in the speed the impulse travels * Reentry of impulses – cardiac tissue is depolarized multiple times by the same impulse * Speed‚ distance and location can be changed or affected (blockages cause change in heart rhythm) * Risk factors * Cardiovascular disease‚ MI * MI – death of tissue – no electricity
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Atherosclerosis: The Silent Killer Atherosclerosis is one of a group of health problems that define coronary artery disease‚ oftentimes referred to as heart disease. Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of heart disease in the United States. The following is the definition provided by the American Heart Association: Atherosclerosis (ath"er-o-skleh-RO’sis) comes from the Greek words athero (meaning gruel or paste) and sclerosis (hardness). It’s the name of the process in which deposits of fatty
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