African Literature: What Tradition? by Es’kia Mphahlele It all started when Africa was shanghaied into the history of the West in the late nineteenth century. What were we coming into? ----- a long line of continuity going back some 9‚000 years since the civilizations of the great river valleys of the Nile‚ the Tigris and Euphrates‚ the Indus‚ and the Hwang-ho had launched man on a long intellectual quest. We had been discovered by an aggressive Western Culture which was never going to let us be
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Good times occurred when there were high wages and good living conditions‚ which led to early marriages and rapid population increase. Then come the bad times. Disease‚ low wages‚ and epidemics lead to population decrease and a restored balance between population and resources. This cycle
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ORGANISATIONAL CONFLICT CONFLICT :- The term conflict may mean different things to different people. It can be defined as an expression of disagreement or hostility ‚aggression‚ rivalry‚ competition and misunderstanding between individuals or groups in the organization. A simple definition of conflict is that it is any tension which is experienced when one person perceives that one’s needs or desires are likely to be thwarted or frustrated. Conflict is a clash of interests‚ values‚ actions‚ views
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Conflict Theory The modern society is a kind of an organization that consists of individual participants and social groups. These groups are engaged in a constant struggle the primary objective of which is to maximize individual profits of people and social groups. The struggle for maximizing the profits has become the main feature of modern capitalist society. The situation like this inevitably leads to conflict. The conflict theory has a long history of development. Initially‚ the conflict
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divorce between academic and popular historians. As Margaret Conrad argues‚ popular historians have established the tension‚ by recreating “historical films without the involvement of trained historians”. This underscores the troubling gulf that sometimes separates public academics approaches to the past. Academic historians have been “too long focused” on professionalism‚ and discarded “generating” a “dialogue” (Conrad) with their contextual audiences. The substantial dissolution between academic
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_ASSIGNMENT_ _QUESTION: DISCUSS THE THREE STAGES AS PROPOUNDED BY SHOWALTERIN ’THE FEMALE TRADITION ’‚ FOCUSING ON THE SHIFTS THAT TAKE PLACE IN EACH PHASE. ALSO DISCUSS ANY TWO CRITIQUES OF HER ESSAY._ ANSWER:In her book ’A Literature of Their Own ’‚ Showalter attempts to rediscover the lost Atlantis of female writingfrom the archives of British literary history‚ for which she tries to assemble women ’s writing of that period into a linear developmental process dividing it into three phases
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The Color Bearer Tradition The War Between the States was the heyday of American battleflags and their bearers. With unusualhistorical accuracy‚ many stirring battle paintings show the colors and their intrepid bearers in the forefront of the fray or as a rallying point in a retreat. The colors of a Civil War regiment embodied its honor‚ and the men chosen to bear them made up an elite. Tall‚ muscular men were preferred‚ because holding aloft a large‚ heavy banner‚ to keep it visible
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Worldviews in Conflict: Summary and Critique Worldviews in Conflict: Summary and Critique I agree with the introductory quote by Will Durant: “From Barbarism to civilization requires a century; from civilization to barbarism needs but a day.” It is always much easier to destroy something (in this case‚ civilization)‚ than it is to create it. In general‚ there is very little effort required to demolish something; but building it up takes a conscious effort‚ passion and burden. It involves a
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Conflict Resolution The nature of a work team makes them vulnerable to conflicts and disagreements. Because people carry the weight of personal values‚ experiences and beliefs into the work team‚ there is always the possibility that conflict will arise. That is why recognizing the signs and source of conflict will help understand the role of conflict in the work team. Here is list of signs of conflicts that the work team should be aware of: 1. Anger‚ irritability‚ sarcasm 2. Without holding
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himself to abstract matters of philosophy‚ the later years of his life were primarily involved with interceding on behalf of threatened Jewish communities‚ attempts to persuade Christians to reconsider and relinquish their anti-Jewish prejudices‚ and conflicts with the entrenched rabbinic authorities who saw Mendelssohn and the Enlightenment as a threat. While Feiner’s biography presents Mendelssohn as a complex individual‚ both traditionalist and modern‚ beloved and reviled‚ influential culturally
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