Communities around the world are bound by rules and laws. Merriam-Webster defines a rule as a prescribed guide for conduct or action. It then defines a law as a binding custom or practice of a community‚ something enforceable. Rules aid in allowing people to know what they should or should not do. Nearly all communities‚ groups‚ tribes‚ etc. have rules to abide by. They can come together and make‚ change‚ or abolish rules as they see fit. A law‚ on the other hand‚ is a rule that everyone in a community
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entity is. When these principles are written down into a single document or set of legal documents‚ those documents may be said to embody a written constitution; if they are written down in a single comprehensive document‚ it is said to embody a codified constitution. Constitutions concern different levels of organizations‚ from sovereign states to companies and unincorporated associations. A treaty which establishes an international organization is also its constitution‚ in that it would define
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there were any written laws and continuing to be applied by courts after there were written laws‚ too‚ whereas civil law developed out of the Roman law of Justinian’s Corpus Juris Civilis (Corpus Iuris Civilis). In later times‚ civil law became codified as droit coutumier or customary law that were local compilations of legal principles recognized as normative. Sparked by the age of enlightenment‚ attempts to codify private law began during the second half of the 18th century (see civil code)‚ but
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or should it be written down as a proper constitution instead? Constitutional convention has no specific definition‚ and they supplement the laws which are enforced by the courts[ Wade‚ 1960]. However‚ these convention are not written‚ nor is it codified. This may not be advantageous‚ as the ambiguity and vagueness of it does not set the limitations of the powers of the government‚ In Att. Gen v. Jonathan Cape Ltd‚ Lord Widgery mentioned that since there is no attempts to define the extend to which
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rules to establish powers and functions of institutions of gvt – specifically exec‚ leg‚ judic – second function to define relationship between individual and state – extent of liberty – codified (USA where con becomes sovereign) and uncodified (UK with sovereignty elsewhere) – federal (UK) and unitary (USA) Codified constitution – often result of revolutionary change 1. Authoritative so constitutes “higher law” – has sovereignty and binds gvt institutions – USA con more powerful than gvt – so two-tier
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Sources of the British Constitution As the UK does not have a codified document‚ we have look for the key rules and practices of the British system in a number of places: ~ Statute Law ~ Common Law ~ Royal Prerogative ~ Conventions ~ Authoritative Works ~ International Treaties and Agreements Statute Law: This is law crated by Parliament. Acts of Parliament are approved by the Commons‚ Lords and the Monarchs‚ gain the force of law‚ and are then implemented by the executive and enforced by the
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the largest areas of civilization at that time. Sargon I is also noted having never lost a single war in his entire life. As well‚ with Mesopotamia‚ the first system-and indeed the most extensive in that point in time-of codified law. King Hammurabi’s aptly titled system of codified law‚ the Code of Hammurabi‚ while seemingly harsh in today’s view‚ was heralded as a just and fair law back in its day. History also shows that one of the
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Common law versus civil law systems The two principal legal systems in the world today are those of civil law and common law. Continental Europe‚ Latin America‚ most of Africa and many Central European and Asian nations are part of the civil law system; the United States‚ along with England and other countries once part of the British Empire‚ belong to the common law system. The civil law system has its roots in ancient Roman law‚ updated in the 6th century A.D. by the Emperor Justinian and adapted
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explained by the French Jurist Montesquieu (1989)‚ who based his analysis on the British Constitution of the early 18th century. This essay will discuss the doctrine of separation of powers‚ its meaning and importance within the United Kingdom’s un-codified constitution. It will analyse the relationship between the Executive‚ Legislature and the Judiciary and how the United Kingdom does not strictly adhere to the doctrine. Montesquieu (1989) argued that to avoid tyranny‚ the three branches
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to do so. Choose one answer. | a. True | | | b. False | Correct. | Just the opposite is the case. p. 2-24 Correct Marks for this submission: 1/1. The Internal Revenue Code was first codified in 1954. Choose one answer. | a. True | | | b. False | Correct. | The first codified version was the Internal Revenue Code of 1939. The next recodification was in 1954. p. 2-2 Correct Marks for this submission: 1/1. Regular decisions of the Tax Court generally involve novel issues
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