correctly: DNA molecule‚ chromosome‚ chromatid‚ homologous pair. DNA molecule – A double-stranded‚ helical nucleic acid molecule‚ consisting of nucleotide monomers with a deoxyribose sugar and the nitrogenous bases adenine (A)‚ cytosine (C)‚ guanine (G)‚ and thymine (T); capable of being replicated and determining the inherited structure of a cell’s proteins Chromosome - A cellular structure carrying genetic material‚ found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. Each chromosome consists of one very
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homologous chromosomes in meiosis one) are separated and start to move away from each other. anchorage dependence- In order for a cell to resume its divisions it must be touching something else. asexual reproduction- New cells are generated through the process of mitosis (or binary fusion in the case of bacteria). These new daughter are exactly the same as the parent cell that divided. autosome- All the chromosomes in a cell‚ except for the x or y chromosome (the sex chromosomes). benign tumor-
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HUMAN BIOLOGY Explaining the role of mitosis & meiosis IN GROWTH AND REPRODUCTION Table of Content Page Number Cell division 1 Why do we need cell division? 1 Chromosomes 1 What is a chromosome? 1 The Cell Cycle 2 Process of Mitosis 3 What is Mitosis? 3 Stages of Mitosis 3 Interphase 3 Prophase 4 Prometaphase 5 Metaphase 5 Anaphase 6 Telophase
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separation of alleles during anaphase I of meiosis accounts for Mendel’s principle of segregation. If the alleles for different genes are located on different chromosomes‚ they assort independently from one another in meiosis I. This confirmed the principle of independent assortment. Later on‚ the two scientists came up with the chromosome theory of inheritance‚ which states that independent assortment happens in metaphase and anaphase of meiosis I. To test the theory of inheritance‚ scientist Thomas
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EXAM1 Q1. How many chromosomes are in a typical red blood cell taken from a normal person? Zero Q2. The degree to which a trait is expressed in individuals is the expressivity of the trait. Q3. In pedigrees‚ a male individual is symbolized as a square. Q4. The chromosomal structure that anchors the spindle fiber to the chromosome is centromere. Q5. The short arm of a submetacentric chromosome is symbolized as the p arm. Q6. Genetic diseases transmitted only by a mother to both sons and daughters
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Prophase 1 of meiosis When prophase I occurs the chromosomal condensation enables the chromosomes to be looked at under the microscope. Then during late prophase I the homologous chromosomes laterally pair or usually side by side which is then known to be in synapsis this is when cross connections form from Breakage and re-joining between the chromatids which can occur between the pair homologous chromosomes which then lead to genetic combination between the strands which are there. Chiasma occurs
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obtains the same number of chromosomes and the same nuclear code as the original nucleus is call mitosis. Mitosis occurs in four phases. Interphase occurs between mitosis. Interphase: Cell contains easily seen nucleus and nucleolus- chromosomes appear as fine dots within nucleus Mitosis: 4 steps Prophase – cell nucleus enlarged –nucleolus no longer visible- chromosomes appear as short strands within nucleus. Metaphase – chromosomes long and thin strands – chromosomes lined up along cell center
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CHAPTER 8 1) DNA is found in structures called ______. -chromosomes 2) A(n) ______ is an example of an organism that can reproduce asexually. -amoeba 3)+++ Examine the figure below. Nucleosomes are made of ______. - DNA wrapped around histone proteins 4)++ As shown in the following figure‚ plant cell cytokinesis differs from animal cell cytokinesis because - Plant cells form a cell plate and animal cells do not 5)The chromosomes of eukaryotic cells are found in the _____ -Nucleus 6) Chromatin consists
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allele that only has an effect on the phenotype when present in the homozygous state. * Co-dominant alleles- pairs of alleles that both affect the phenotype when present in a heterozygote. * Locus- the particular position on homologous chromosomes of a gene * Homozygous- having two identical alleles of a gene * Heterozygous-having two different alleles of a gene * Carrier- an individual that has one copy of a recessive allele that causes a genetic disease in individuals that are
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differences between mitosis and meiosis. 2. describe and recognize the stages of mitosis under a microscope or on models. 3. know the events that occur during each stage of mitosis and meiosis. 4. define the boldface terms. Chromosomes:
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