STUDY GUIDE COSTS OF PRODUCTION: Total Physical Product (TP)- total output or quantity produced Marginal Product (MP)- the additional output generated by additional inputs (workers). Average Product (AP)- the output per unit of input. Stage 1: Increasing Marginal Returns Stage 2: Decreasing Marginal Returns Stage 3: Negative Marginal Returns TC- Total Costs: Sum of Fixed and Variable Costs VC- Variable Costs: Costs for variable resources that do change with the amount produced
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Cell Biology (PCB 3023) Fall 2012 Review for Exam 1 Chapter 1 List the key commonalties and differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotic – no organelles; no nucleus; bacteria and Achaea; spherical‚ rodlike/corkscrew-shaped; cell wall; Eukaryotic – has nucleus; has organelles Commonalities – contain DNA that stores genetic information What is the main component of cellular membranes? What function(s) do membranes serve in cells? Made of phospholipids; defines
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Biology Midterm Review Chapter 2- The Chemical Basis of Life 1: Atoms - The smallest functional units of matter that form all chemical substances - Cannot be further broken down into other substances by ordinary chemical or physical means - Each specific type of atom is a chemical element Three Subatomic Particles: - Protons – Positive (+1)‚ found in nucleus‚ same number as electrons - Neutrons – Neutral (0)‚ found in nucleus‚ number can vary - Electrons – Negative (-1)‚ found
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Chapter 7 Study Guide Cell Structure and Function Section 71: Robert Hooke used an early compound microscope to look at a thin slice of cork. It seemed to make tiny empty chambers (cells). Anton van Leeuwenhoek used a singlelens microscope to observe pond water & other things. The microscope revealed a world of tiny living organisms that seemed to be everywhere. Matthias Schleiden concluded that all plants were made up of cells. Theodor Schwann stated that all animals were made up of cells
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American History AP Mid Term Study Guide-2012 Mr. Lester I have provided you with a basic guideline to study from. Below is a list of units and sample topics from which you need to prepare from. The list is NOT all inclusive‚ it is a guideline. Also use old reading quizzes‚ tests‚ and links that I have placed on Moodle. You also might look in your AP review book and read through the outlines and look at some sample questions. A. Columbus - Colonization • Columbian Exchange • St. Augustine
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Developmental Biology Final Exam Study Guide 12/3/11 Part I Chapter 1 -Basic Problems of developmental Biology: • Maintenance of complete genome while cells differentiate -Main mechanisms of differential gene expression-polarity and cytoplasmic differences; polarity: • Gene expression leads to a difference in cells • Every cell in body has the same genome • Gene regulation occurs: o Polarity and cell division ▪ Uneven egg contents ▪ Environmental factors
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BIOLOGY 1101 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE (1-24) Reproduction Male Reproduction - Testis = where sperm cells are made (in tubuoles) and then are housed/enclosed in the scrotal sack o The Inguenal Canal is the muscle that allows the testis to drop (occurs about 1yr old) - The tubuoles merge to form the Epididymus at the top of the testes…this is where sperm are stored - Seminiferous Tubuoles = all the coils in the balls…all of these eventually lead to the epididymus - After sperm is
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Cancer Biology Section 1 Study questions What is lifetime risk of getting cancer for men and women in US? Male-1:2 Female-1:3 Which cancer are men mostly likely to get in the US? Women? Male-Prostate Female-Breast Which cancers are the most deadly and least deadly (US)? Most deadly- Lung Least deadly- non-melanoma skin cancer Name the cell-types that define carcinomas‚ sarcomas‚ lymphomas‚ and leukemia’s. Which type is most common? Carcinomas- glands‚ organs and tissues‚ arise
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Chapter 1/2 Bio Study Guide Section 1.1-Scientific Method Science- An organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the natural world Scientific Method 1. Collecting observations 2. Asking questions 3. Forming a hypothesis 4. Experiment 5. Analyze results and draw conclusions 6. Revise hypothesis Control Group- a group in the experiment that receives no experimental treatment Independent Variable- Variable that you change in the experiment X-axis Dependent
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AP Bio Evolution Study Guide (Ch 22-25) Chapter 22: Descent with Modification Know the basic ideas that predated the ideas of Darwin Natural Theology Cuvier Lyell Linneaus Lemarck Theory of Use and Disuse Theory of Acquired Characteristics Darwin Voyage of the Beagle (How did this lead to his ideas regarding evolution?) Adaptations (What are they? How are they involved in evolution? How do they come about in a species?) Descent with Modification (modify preexisting structures) Natural
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