26‚ No. 2‚ 243-263. TOWARD CAUSATIONAND EFFECTUATION: A THEORETICAL SHIFTFROM INEVITABILITY TO ECONOMIC ENTREPRENEURIAL CONTINGENCY SARAS D. SARASVATHY University of Washington In economics and management theories‚ scholars have traditionally assumed the existence of artifacts such as firms/organizations and markets. I argue that an explanation for the creation of such artifacts requires the notion of effectuation. Causation rests on a logic of prediction‚ effectuation on the logic of control
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Effectuation and Causation – Managerial Economics Causation and effectuations are two processes that may be used to explain how a new business is created. Both are evidently different. The following section will attempt to clearly distinguish both processes. Causation is effect dependent. It can be defined as the actions of causing something‚ or the relationship between the cause and the effect. In economics‚ the notion of causation can be viewed as an explanation for the birth of economic
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Effectuation NEW HORIZONS IN ENTREPRENEURSHIP This important series is designed to make a significant contribution to the development of Entrepreneurship Studies. As this field has expanded dramatically in recent years‚ the series will provide an invaluable forum for the publication of high-quality works of scholarship and show the diversity of issues and practices around the world. The main emphasis of the series is on the development and application of new and original ideas in Entrepreneurship
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Towards an Entrepreneurial University d i n o a r nau t Master’s Student at the University of Zenica‚ Bosnia and Herzegovina t h e t r a n s f o r m at i o n of a traditional research university into an entrepreneurial university is a current phenomenon‚ and the number of such transformations is increasing due to the reduction in the university funding from government sources and the emergence of a competitive market for education and research. If universities do not become agents of innovation
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Corporate Effectuation | What managers should learn from entrepreneurs!Book/Article Review | Corporate Effectuation In the book Corporate Effectuation – What managers should learn from entrepreneurs! by Thomas Blekman‚ Mr. Blekman goes through the process of explaining that the leading way of management theory which focuses on prediction and control limits our ability to create successful business ventures. He posits that entrepreneurs can learn to think and act effectually‚ that is using
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PAPER - 2 BUS529AO2- MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS PROFESSOR: Dr. JOHN THEODORE RIVIER UNIVERSITY KARTHIK GIRIDHAVAR Problem 1 Gomez runs a small pottery firm. He hires one helper at $12‚000 per year‚ pays annual rent of $5000 for his shop‚ and spends $20‚000 per year on materials. He has $40‚000 of his own funds invested in equipment (pottery wheels‚ kilns‚ and so forth) that could earn him $4000 per year if alternatively invested. He has been offered $15‚000 per year to work as a potter for a competitor
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The shift of economic power from east to west In this essay I will talk about how the world power has shifted from the east to the west. If we see today’s modern world‚ we would be astonished and fascinated as to how the world power has shifted from the great east to the west. What are the main reason and factors that lead to the shift in the power? Pardon me‚ if I have condemned the knowledge and thoughts of the great thinkers‚ but I am writing this essay with a limited knowledge of
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Economic Power Shifts East Introduction GDP of a country and GDP growth rate are two important metric based on which economic prowess of a country can be measured. While east is behind west in terms of gross GDP numbers‚ reverse is true for GDP growth rate. The center of economic power has shifted from the West to the East. World is witnessing a change in economic structure and is going through a transition .Following data shows 12 fastest growing economies. Country GDP Growth 2012 GDP Forecast
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Asia’s large economic disparities are a source of major continuing tension in the region. While global economic powers China‚ Japan‚ India‚ and South Korea continue powering through‚ and Indonesia‚ Malaysia‚ Philippines‚ Thailand‚ Vietnam and Sri Lanka have entered the path to long-term growth‚ regions right next to these countries are in severe need of assistance. Given the large‚ cheap and amply available labor in the region‚ particularly in China and India‚ where large workforces provide an economical
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CAUSATION Causation refers to inquiry as to whether the defendants conduct (or omission) caused the harm or damage. Causation must be established in all result crimes. In criminal liability it is divided into Factual causation and Legal causation. Factual causation is the starting point and consist of applying the ‘but for’ test. In most instances where there exists no complicating factors‚ factual causation on its own will suffice to establish causation. However‚ in some circumstances it will also
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