Financing SMEs –Key Challenges and issues for Bankers Wickrama Narayana Chief Manager-SME Development People’s Bank The definition of Small & Medium scale Enterprises (SMEs) varies from country to country. The classification can be based on the firm’s assets‚ number of employees‚ or annual turnover along with the loan amount. Central Bank of Sri Lanka defines SMEs as enterprises with less than Rs. 600 million turnover per annum and with a maximum exposure of Rs. 200 million mainly to be classified
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high residual value of cars and the second hand car market‚ which enables other forms of financing beyond pure unsecured loans. Car finance arose because the price of cars was out of the reach of individual purchasers without borrowing the money. The funding for personal car finance is provided either by a retail bank or a specialist car financing company. Some car manufacturers own their own car financing arms‚ such as Ford with the Ford Motor Credit Company and General Motors with its GMAC Financial
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Defination Deficit Financing Deficit budget means that Govt. expenditure is more than its income from taxes and fee etc. Resources for deficit budget are met by borrowing‚ which is called Deficit Financing. In Pakistan deficit financing is needed because development programs require huge finance whereas domestic savings and income from taxes are not sufficient enough for this purpose. Increasing savings habits‚ population control‚ elimination of corruption‚ decrease in non-productive expenditure
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sheet‚ the Profit & Loss account and its global ratios. The first aspect that can be observed is that the Company is huge as it has a large amount of total assets - more than 62 billion dollars at the end of 2011. However‚ the total assets owned by Carrefour decreased over the last five years and this sudden decrease can be attributed to the change of strategy adopted by the Company‚ which probably tried to generate more cash by lowering the total assets and tightening their business‚ going from $ 71
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......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3 2.0 Company Overview of Carrefour ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 3 2.1 Company Portrait ....................
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RETAIL INNOVATIONS CASE STUDY Carrefour: Hypermarket Reinvention Carrefour’s approach to revitalizing its hypermarket format and key action points for retailers looking to improve their large format store sales Reference Code: CM00028-002 Publication Date: December 2010 OVERVIEW Summary Verdict’s Retail Innovations case studies are new for 2010. Each profile provides an evaluation of a company that stands out due to a set of unique characteristics‚ or a particular strategic initiative
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Content Page COVER PAGE 1 CONTENT PAGE 2 ABOUT CARREFOUR 3 FACTORS THAT IMPORTANT TO CARREFOUR 3 INTERNATIONAL MARKETING RESEARCH 11 CARREFOUR EMERGING MARKETS IN SINGAPORE 18 INTERNATIONAL TRADE BARRIERS 21 CARREFOUR MARKET-ENTRY STRATEGIES 26 REFERENCE 36 About Carrefour Over the past 40 years‚ the Carrefour group has grown to become one of the world’s leading distribution groups
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Carrefour Introduction Carrefour one of the biggest retailers in Europe‚ which is working with the shopping area and discounters in the world. The company is headquartered in Paris‚ France.) The company started in France in 1959 and opened its first supermarket in 1960. The first major changes and expansions‚ which that it went through‚ were between the 70s and the 80s‚ a period that saw the stocks of the company being floated in 1970 in the Paris bourse. In 1970 the company presented in stock
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threats while expanding their global market; they featured many products like groceries‚ toys‚ furniture‚ fast food and also financial services‚ all under one roof. The first hypermarket was opened in 1963 with the help of French government. By 1973 Carrefour became world’s most global retailer with 15‚000 stores globally. When Careefour established its first hypermarket in Philadelphia US‚ and other unit in US‚ but then shut down both the store soon. The problem was some customers found the store too
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services to the customer. Fund based services of NBFCs include: leasing‚ hire-purchase and other asset based services whereas fee based services of NBFCs include bill discounting‚ portfolio management and other advisory services. LEASE FINANCING Leasing as financial service is a contractual agreement where the owner (lessor) of equipment transfers the right to use the equipment to the user (lessee) for an‚ agreed period of time in return for a rental. At the end of the lease period the
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