born in Beaumont-de-Lomagne‚ France in August of 1601 and died in 1665. He is considered to be one of the greatest mathematicians of the seventeenth century. Fermat is considered to be one of the ’fathers’ of analytic geometry. Fermat along with Blaise Pascal is also considered to be one of the founders of probability theory. Fermat also made contributions in the field of optics and provided a law on light travel and made wrote a few papers about calculus well before Isaac Newton and Gottfried Leibniz
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water and land; why do we have mountains‚ beautiful nature‚ animals and plants? Why do we have brain‚ 2 eyes‚ 2 feet‚ and 2 hands? Sure‚ there’s somebody who regulates all these processes on the Earth to make people live. And His name is God. Blaise Pascal says‚ “A person should believe in God just in case He exists.” As I understand‚ he says belief in God’s existence means belief in Him. Yes‚ people had better believe in God‚ but it doesn’t mean if they don’t‚ they will go to hell. First
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Does ‘Pascal’s Wager’ provide a convincing argument for belief in God? Published in 1670 and named after French philosopher and mathematician Blaise Pascal; the philosophical theory of Pascal’s Wager reasons that to believe in God is a decision made in a time of uncertainty. The Wager also explains that whether or not God exists‚ we can estimate the outcome; an infinite reward or an infinite punishment. This suggests that the rational choice to live as if God exists is the better of the possible
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Pascal Wager is a disagreement in a regretful philosophy conceived by the seventh century He was a mathematician and French philosopher. Pascal argued that a rational person should reside in as though they live and attempt to believe that God does exist. A lot of philosophers think Pascal is the most fragile of all disagreements for believing that God does exists. Pascal thought it was the strongest and he was one of the most dubious philosophers whoever wrote. In order to understand Pascal’s Wager
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Immanuel Kant and Blaise Pascal offer contrasting opinions concerning reason‚ or man’s ability to come to conclusions on his own. In Metaphysics of Morals‚ Kant provides an optimistic view of reason‚ depicting that reason can attain certain conclusions. Pascal argues in Pensees that man is inherently flawed and can’t be certain from reasoning while faith‚ or belief in the supernatural‚ is the only thing that can create certainty. Kant’s positive outlook on human reason is a sound assertion‚ although
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Probablility game paper Probabilities are computed or assessed in a number of ways. It depends upon what we are in fact considering. If we think about the games we played. Using the 1st game‚ coin flip‚ we have two possible results‚ a head or a tail. Therefore the possibility that a head or a tail comes is 50% or ½. When we have more than a single coin‚ in that case the probability of each side for each coin needs to be taken into account. If you continue to flip the coin more and more the chances
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Derivation of “quick and dirty” approximation of bias formula Thomas Noe Balliol College/SBS 21st October‚ 2013 This note relates to the derivation of the “quick and dirty” formula for estimating the bias generated by using the YTM as an approximation of the expected return on debt. The assumptions: 1. Debt is perpetual 2. probability of default is δ in each period. The probability is the same in every period 3. If default occurs‚ bondholders receive ρ fraction of the face (principal) value
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In this paper‚ we will be looking at three different scenarios in order to understand and implement different decision models. Question one The Gorman manufacturing company is trying to decide whether to manufacture a component part or to purchase it. In order to make this decision we need to calculate the Expected Monetary Value for each probability. The highest EMV will be the best decision (Satyaprasad‚ Nirmala‚ & Saha‚ 2012). So‚ EMV for manufacture is= -20(.35) + 40(.35) + 100(.30) = -7+
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A.) 1st Decision Branch (Develop new product thoroughly) E(X) =0.4(500‚000) +0.4(25‚000) +0.2(1‚000) = 210‚200 EV 2nd Decision Branch (Develop new product rapidly) E(X) =0.1(500‚000) +0.2(25‚000) +0.7(1‚000) = 55‚700 EV 3rd Decision Branch (Consolidate existing product‚ and strengthen product) E(X) = 0.3(200‚000) + 0.4(10‚000) +0.3(3‚000) = 64‚900 EV 4th Decision Branch (Consolidate existing product‚ reap without investing) E(X) = 0.6(10‚000) + 0.4(1‚000) = 6‚400 EV B.) The decision alternative
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We will calculate cost of equity at growth of 3%. Cost of equity = = 7%+1.225(6%) = 0.1435 or 14.35% Cost of debt = 0.10(1-0.35) = 0.065 WACC= 1*14.35%+0*0.065= 14.35%‚ (1+WACC= 15.35%) FCFF= EBIT (1-tax rate) +depreciation-capital expenditure- change in working capital Change in NFA = Ending NFA – Beginning NFA and Net earnings as EBIT (1-tax rate). Working capital = Current asset+1000- Current liabilities-cash Change in Working capital = Ending WC– Beginning WC Tax rate = 35%
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