Alex Wilson 9/11/12 Experiment #2 Separating the Components of Panacetin: Introduction: Of the three components likely to be present in your sample of Panacetin (aspirin‚ acetanilide‚ and starch)‚ only starch is insoluble in the organic solvent dichloromethane (or methylene chloride)‚ CH2 Cl2. If a sample of Panacetin is dissolved as completely as possible in dichloromethane‚ the insoluble starch can be filtered out‚ leaving acetanilide and aspirin in solution. The purpose of this experiment
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used to prepare an ester‚ octyl acetate‚ by process of esterification. In addition to octyl acetate‚ possible side products include: water‚ unreacted octanol and acetic acid‚ impurities from crude octyl acetate‚ and carbon dioxide from the sodium bicarbonate. C8H17OH + CH3COOH ’ C10H20O2 + H2O Method: Reference handout1 : “Preparation of an Acetic Acid Ester”. An infrared spectra‚ refractive index and melting point were obtained to determine the final purity of octyl acetate. The
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Ocean acidification is caused by CO2 in the atmosphere when it reacts with water it creates carbonic acid. It’s a significant and harmful consequence of excess carbon dioxide in the atmosphere that we don’t see or feel because its effects are happening underwater. When carbon dioxide is absorbed by seawater a chemical reaction occurs that reduces the seawaters pH‚ carbonate ion concentration‚ and saturation states of biologically significant calcium carbonate minerals. It decreases the pH of seawater
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extraction. Three reaction tubes were used in the experiment. An acidic mixture containing benzoic acid‚ naphthalene‚ and phenol was weighed and placed in Tube 1 and the mixture was allowed to separate after adding saturated solution of sodium bicarbonate. The aqueous layer was then transferred to Tube 2. Contents of Tube 2 were allowed to separate and the aqueous layer was then transferred to Tube 3. To Tubes 2 and 3‚ concentrated HCl was added‚ and their pH was tested prior to heating for recrystallization
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out; the diaphragm moves down. 3. The primary stimulus for breathing is the amount of carbon dioxide in the blood. 4. Oxygen moves from the alveoli to the capillaries by means of diffusion. 5. Carbon dioxide is carried in the plasma as the bicarbonate ion. 6. Hemoglobin readily takes up oxygen in the lungs‚ where the pH is neutral and the temperature is cool. 7. At the tissues‚ oxygen diffuses out of the blood and carbon dioxide diffuses into the blood. 8. In which structures does gas exchange
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Objective: The Levodopa effervescent floating tablets were prepared using different low density polymers (POLYOX different grades) in various drug polymer ratios for prolongation of gastric residence time and to improve the patience compliance. Methods: The Levodopa effervescent floating tablets were prepared by direct compression method. The floating tablets were evaluated for friability‚ thickness‚ hardness‚ weight variation test‚ drug content‚in vitro release and floating properties. The drug
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I. Describe the role of the following hormones in the formation of urine‚ specifically explain the stimulus for their release‚ actions (decrease/increase GFR) and whether or not dilute/concentrated urine results): ADH (Vasopressin) – ADH has an antidiuretic action that prevents the production of dilute urine. Formation of urine = in the DCT and collecting ducts‚ water movement out of the body is regulated by ADH. Stimulus for their release = lowered blood pressure or low salt or water concentration
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given amount of water. Alka-Seltzer is an over-the-counter antacid and pain relief medication that is dissolved in water before it is ingested. Each tablet contains aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid)‚ citric acid‚ and sodium bicarbonate. As the tablet dissolves in water‚ the bicarbonate ions in the tablet react with the hydrogen ions from the acids that are also contained in the tablet. The carbon dioxide gas produced by the reaction is what causes the bubbling that can be observed. HCO3- (aq) + H+
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1b) and his blood glucose was monitored every 4 hourly along with urinary ketones and lactic acid once nothing per oral (NPO). The relevant investigations were Hb - 2.7 g/dl‚ Hct - 40.2%‚ Na - 139 mmol/l‚ K - 5.3 mmol/l‚ Bicarbonate - 25.6mmol/l‚ glucose – 95 g/dl and lactic acid - 4.8 mmol/l. As fasting for surgery and anaesthesia is inevitable‚ every effort was made in planning and scheduling to perform surgical procedure right after six hours of
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The Effect of pH on the Rate of Osmosis Using a Glucose Solution Melissa Werderitch Biology 157 11/6/06 Introduction In a journal article written by Florian Lang‚ osmosis is essentially explained as the flow of water from one area to another that are separated by a selectively permeable membrane to equalize concentrations of particles in the two locations (Lang‚ 1997). Osmosis is able to maintain osmotic pressure and regulate a cell’s volume. In a hypotonic () or hypertonic () environment
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