the world stage in 490 BC. At that time‚ the lives of the Greeks were entwined with the imperial ambitions of the Persians‚ the greatest military power in the world‚ who had just retreated to Persia from their loss by outnumbered Athenians at the Battle of Marathon. All serious statesmen and military leaders fully expected the Persians to return. In 482‚ Themistocles challenged Aristides for leadership of Athens‚ believing that Athens could only defeat Persia‚ ultimately‚ on the sea‚ Aristides placing
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then engaged in building a military that was to serve to dominate the Greece‚ emerged to be military superpower. The two city states might have been bitter enemies‚ however‚ they along with some background city states will have to combine together to battle the invading Persians3. On the other hand‚ the Persians were controlling power at the end of the war. Their expansive Empire extended from Afghanistan to the present day Turkey. They had occupied most of the lands and forced more men to fight in
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Origin In 480‚ the Persian king Xerxes invaded Greece‚ defeated his enemies at Artemisium and Thermopylae‚ and sacked Athens. Although his navy was severely damaged in the naval battle ofSalamis‚ it was obvious that the Persians were the strongest. So‚ the great king recalled many troops. This gave the Greeks the breathing space they needed‚ and they defeated Xerxes’ right-hand man Mardonius at Plataea. More or less at the same time‚ a Greek expeditionary force attacked the remains of the Persian
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ancestor” (1.91). This was important to remember throughout the book. Whether Herodotus believed it or not‚ the Oracles and Magi believed that one could neither change nor escape fate. In Book VII‚ the Oracles tell the Athenians that a wall of wood and Salamis will save Athens. When the Athenians first consulted the Pythia at Delphi‚ whose name was Aristonice‚ their demise was foretold. They asked for a different oracle. “My Lord‚” they asked‚ “give us a better oracle about our fatherland; be moved to pity
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successful heroism during the Battle at Marathon. His contribution (although rather small at this point in history) can be discussed as helpful. Themistocles began his noticeable achievements during the time period between the Wars‚ in which he made valuable decisions in changing the course of the Persian Wars. Themistocles battle strategies and tactics are also recognisable throughout the Battle
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loinian Greeks revolted‚ Athens sent them aid. King Darius of Persia puts down rebellion but vows revenge on Greece. - Battle of marathon : Greeks outnumbered 25000 to 10000. Greek phalanxes superior and win. Sends Pheidippides to run to Athens to tell victory so that Athens will not give up city-state to Persia . Pheidippides runs 26 miles to deliver message‚ dies at end. - Battle of Thermopylae : King xerxes
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Family Background and status Xerxes was born a royal prince and would have had all the respect and prestige associated with his status. He was not the eldest son of King Darius I. Darius had three sons by another wife whilst he was still but a lord. For Darius to strengthen his calm to the Persian throne‚ Darius married Atossa ‚ the daughter of Cyrus the Great. Xerxes was the eldest son of this union. This made Xerxes the son of the king‚ grandson of the founder of the empire and the son with the
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and resources on massive construction programs.” - Granger Foreign Policy * Failure to expand into Greece was a lack of military ability. * He sent a squadron of ships to blockade the channel before Salamis which resulted in the fleet being destroyed. * Battle of Salamis: lack of loyalty within his navy and land troops. * Regardless of how big and revolutionary the military was‚ Xerxes still failed. * Didn’t actually get involved‚ sat and watched. Religious Policy
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Herodotus c.484 B.C-c.429/425 B.C. Greek historian. INTRODUCTION Called the "father of history" by the Roman philosopher Marcus Tullius Cicero‚ Herodotus is best known for his long and compelling prose account of life in Greece‚ Asia Minor‚ and Egypt which focuses on the causes and events of the Greco-Persian Wars. For Herodotus‚ history (historiai) meant "inquiry‚" and his attentions in the History are devoted not just to epic moments in the past‚ but also to geography‚ ethnology‚ and myth
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Similarities in the failures of Xerxes’ invasion of Greece and the Sicilian Expedition On paper‚ Xerxes and the Persians‚ along with Alcibiades and his Athenians‚ would be overwhelmingly favored to win over Greece and Sicily. However‚ although both the Athenians and Persians not only far outnumbered their opponents in manpower‚ weaponry‚ and utilities‚ they still shockingly were both beaten and sent back to their homelands. The reasons for why two superpowers such as these would fall to a cluster
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