Clean Needle Programs In the article “A Case for Clean Needle Programs”‚ Breat Whitteker and Dawn Day argue that a clean needle program in the S.D. County could save hundreds of lives. One of the many benefits of establishing a clean needle program would be that it allows not only the S.D. County to save hundreds of millions of health care dollars but it allows other counties to do so as well. Some who obstruct against this program believe that when sterile needles are given out‚ there is
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Alex Polnaszek Fertilizer Composition and Use Fertilizers have helped farmers and the production of food in this country immensely. They have allowed farmers to have a higher yield of food per acre despite some deteriorating soil conditions. There are three main elements in each bag of fertilizer. They are nitrogen‚ phosphorus and potassium and are represented on the outside of the bag in that order. Each of the three elements has a different benefit to the growth of a plant. Plants use
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Hypodermic Needle Theory History and Orientation The "hypodermic needle theory" implied mass media had a direct‚ immediate and powerful effect on its audiences. The mass media in the 1940s and 1950s were perceived as a powerful influence on behavior change. Several factors contributed to this "strong effects" theory of communication‚ including: - the fast rise and popularization of radio and television - the emergence of the persuasion industries‚ such as advertising and propaganda - the
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Chi-Square Homogeneity Test The purpose of a chi-square homogeneity test is to compare the distributions of a variable of two or more populations. As a special case‚ it can be used to decide whether a difference exists among two or more population proportions. For a chi-square homogeneity test‚ the null hypothesis is that the distributions of the variable are the same for all the populations‚ and the alternative hypothesis is that the distributions of the variable are not all the same (i.e.‚ the
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Ethical Principles Related To the Needle Exchange Program Jaimi Kilcrease Community Health Nursing‚ N141 Department of Nursing California State University‚ Fresno September 29‚ 2013 When I first heard about the Needle Exchange Program (NEP) several years ago‚ my thoughts were about how it was wrong to help people use drugs by providing a means for them to obtain clean needles. I struggled with morality and ethical principles that were at play in this program. Helping individuals
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In the article Embraced by the needle by Gabor Mate published Aug 27 2001 argues that addictions are caused from unhappiness. The drugs are only there as a way to numb pain that a person has experienced. Drugs themselves are not addictive‚ less than 15 % of people who use any substance end up in an addictive state. That 15% consists of people who have had a troubled child hood or have been raided in bad atmosphere when young. Human growth occurs mainly at birth‚ this includes physical and emotional
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Gabor Maté‚ in his article “Embraced by the Needle‚” encourages people to understand the addiction to drugs is a result of deep unhappiness that occurs in an individual early in life (273-75). Maté shows in a Portland non-profit harm-reduction facility that he works at‚ the methadone prescribed does not help the emotional suffering that the addicts endure. Although methadone may halt the effects of withdrawal‚ there is no “high” created‚ according to Maté. He also asserts that drugs alone are not
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What are needlestick injuries? Needlestick injuries are wounds caused by needles that accidentally puncture the skin. A wound caused by accidental penetration of the skin by a needle. Needlestick injuries can cause transmission of bloodborne pathogens How do needlestick injuries occur ? These injuries can occur at any time when people use‚ disassemble‚ or dispose of needles. When not disposed of properly‚ needles can become concealed in linen or garbage and injure other workers who encounter
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The Needle Exchange Program The needle exchange program is very vital‚ and throughout this paper I will discuss the pros and cons about the program and I will discuss the reasons surrounding why the program was started. AIDS has been a growing epidemic through the 1990’s and it was estimated by the World Health Organization that the number of people infected with HIV or AIDS would reach thirty to forty million individuals by the year 2000 if nothing was done (Health and Disease). In Africa and
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Fidela Diosa S. Romana University of the Philippines‚ Diliman Abstract This paper discusses the Hypodermic Needle Theory – its history‚ key concepts and criticism. As the theory suggests direct and immediate effect of mass media to its audience‚ a social phenomenon called ‘copycat crimes’ is analyzed through its lens. The criticisms and ambiguities of the hypodermic needle theory are used to formulate a new theory believed to be more applicable and accurate to social issues and media awareness
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