because of the presence of two methoxy groups. The groups act as activators to electrophilic aromatic substitution because of their ability to donate electrons through resonance. This enhanced activation helps favor the initial substitution. After this‚ the ring has two methoxy groups and an alkyl group attached to it. The addition of the alkyl group further activate the ring for another electrophilic aromatic substitution. The addition of a second alkyl group must attach on the opposite side of the
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An examination of the porphyrin structure reveals that individual pyrrole units comprise the overall structure. As an aromatic compound‚ pyrrole can participate in electrophilic aromatic substitution reactions to form the porphyrin (your report should discuss the mechanism in great detail‚ including the regiochemistry). The initial porphyrinogen product is not fully aromatic‚ but oxidation from atmospheric oxygen in the presence of the Lewis acid silica gel allows formation of the fully conjugated
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monoaromatic and polyaromatic compounds as the only carbon and energy source in a saline environment. Besides‚ we demonstrated for the first time the 4-HBA and BA degradation ability of H. sp. KHS3. Several Halomonas strains have been described as efficient aromatic compounds degraders (Alva and Peyton‚ 2003; García et al. 2004; García et al.‚ 2005; Oie et al.‚ 2007; Dastgheib et al.‚ 2012; Piubeli et al.‚ 2012a‚ 2012b). For example‚ H. organivorans is characterized by its ability to use a wide range of organic
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Name: Saj Jo Dan C. Odsey Date Performed: April 26‚ 2013 Lab-partner: Viktoria R. Beltran RELATIVE RATES OF ELECTROPHILIC AROMATIC SUBSTITUTION I. Objective(s) In this Experiment‚ the relative reactivities of different substituted benzenes towards bromination will be determined‚ where bromine is dissolved in acetic acid. Materials and apparatus Test solutions: 0.2 M solutions in ethyl acetate: Benzene‚ chlorobenzene‚ phenol‚ nitrophenol‚ aniline
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absorbances of the Procion Red Dye dilutions at λmax. The slope of the calibration curve was used to determine the concentration of the analytes. As a result‚ charcoal was shown to be the more effective sequestration agent. Introduction PAHs‚ polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons‚ are organic compounds that are toxic to the environment. They are inevitably produced from the incomplete combustion of gasoline or coal that originates in industrial and agricultural processes1. PAHs are also water pollutants and may
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Anthony Young Partner: Nick Dale TA: Alekhya 6/15/15 The SN2 Reaction: Factors Affecting SN2 Reaction. Introduction In the substitution reactions‚ the leaving group from the substrate is replaced with the nucleophile. Because of the nucleophile it is called nucleophilic substitution. The lone pair of electrons‚ present on the nucleophile is used to create a new bond with the carbon atom‚ from which the leaving group was separated. There are two different mechanisms of nucleophilic substitution: SN1
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Synthesis of 1-bromobutane from 1-Butanol using the SN2 Reaction Abstract: The objective of this experiment is designed to study the synthesis of 1-bromobutane from 1 butanol using a SN2 reaction.. The product will then be analyzed using a flamed loop test by use of fire. Reaction Mechanism: CH3CH2CH2CH2—OH H+ CH3CH2CH2CH2— +OH2 Br- CH3CH2CH2CH2—Br + H2O 1-butanol
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Abstract:The Wittig Reaction is a nucleophilic addition in which an alkene is formed as a product. Both the E and Z isomers of the alkene result. Substituents on the aromatic aldehyde affect the E/Z ratio of products that form. In this experiment‚ a nitro group was used as the substituent in the ortho‚ meta and para positions‚ with benzaldehyde as the control. Each of the four aldehydes reacted with (carbethoxymethylene) triphenylphosphorane to produce ethyl cinnamate‚ ethyl-3-(2-nitrophenyl)acrylate
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ISOMERIZATION OF AN ALKENE Martin‚ Marilen1‚ Lovenia‚ Melden D.2 1Professor‚ School of Che-Chm-BE-MSE‚ Mapua Institute of Technology; 2Students‚ Chm145L/A41‚ School of Che-Chm-BE-MSE‚ Mapua Institute of Technology ABSTRACT The experiment was conducted to accomplish the following objectives. The first objective aims to synthesize an isomer of alkenes. This was done by converting maleic acid to fumaric acid. This conversion was accomplished by applying a heat-catalyzed reaction on maleic acid
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M. Ashrafuzzaman et al / Research Journal of Biology (2012)‚ Vol. 02‚ Issue 03‚ pp. 98-103 ISSN 2049-1727 Research Paper Comparative Study on Regeneration Potentiality of Aromatic Indica Rice (Oryza sativa L.) of Bangaldesh Golam Gaus Mohiuddin Chowdhury1‚ M. Ashrafuzzaman*1‚ F. Raihan2 and Shamsul H. Prodhan1 1 Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechmology‚ School of Life Sciences‚ Shahjalal University of Science and Technology‚ Sylhet-3114‚ Bangladesh 2 Department of Forestry
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