Semester: fall 2011 Practice to Chapter 12 (Alkenes & Alkynes *1. Consider the following: CH3CH2CH=CHCH2CH3 CH3CH2CH2CH2CH=CH2 I II CH3CH=CHCH2CH2CH3 CH2=CHCH2CH2CH2CH3 III IV Which two structures represent the same compound? A) I and II B) II and III C) I and III D) II and IV E) None of these *2. Give the IUPAC name for A) 3-Methyl-4-hexyne B) 4-Methyl-2-hexyne C) 2-Ethyl-3-pentyne D) 4-Ethyl-2-pentyne E)
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Synthesis of Tetraphenylcylopentadienone Post-Lab Report Purpose- This experiment illustrates the use of adol condensation for the synthesis of a five-membered carbocylic ring. It is also a good demonstration of the impact extended conjugation has on the absorption of visible light. The reactants are bright yellow in color while the products are a very deep purple color appearing almost black. Introduction- The synthesis of Tetraphanylcyclopentadienone was a further example of the adol
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Identifying an Unknown Aldehyde or Ketone Introduction The purpose of this lab is to identify an unknown aldehyde or ketone substance using chemical tests. The chemical tests used in this experiment are solubility‚ Schiff‚ Bisulfite‚ and Iodoform tests. Also‚ a 2‚4-dinitrophenylhydrazone derivative synthesis reaction will be completed from which a melting point will be obtained. The chemical test results and the melting point analysis will be compared to the table of compounds given to find the
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Lab 12: Reduction of an Aldehyde to a Primary Alcohol by Use of NaBH4Purpose(i)To select an appropriate solvent system. (ii)To synthesize alcohol from aldehyde by NaBH4 reduction. (iii)To identify the aldehyde isomer based on the melting point of the alcohol produced. Procedure(Please refer to the detailed instructions on lab 12 handout)Physical Quantity TableType of substanceMolecular FormulaMolecular Weight (g/mol)Density(g/cm3)Melting Point(oC)Boiling Point(oC)HazardO-vanillinC8H8O3152.15-42
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Notes Aldehydes and Ketones The major similarity between an aldehyde and a ketone is the carbonyl group. A carbonyl group is a carbon atom doubly bonded to an oxygen atom. [pic] Both molecules have a carbonyl group‚ the difference the number of carbons bonded to the carbonyl carbon. An aldehyde will have none or one and a ketone will have two carbons. All aldehydes‚ except formaldehyde‚ will have a hydrogen atom on one side of the carbonyl carbon and at least on carbon on the other side
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ALCOHOLS Alcohols are compounds in which one or more hydrogen atoms in an alkane have been replaced by an -OH group. For the purposes of UK A level‚ we will only look at compounds containing one -OH group. For example: Primary alcohols In a primary (1°) alcohol‚ the carbon which carries the -OH group is only attached to one alkyl group Some examples of primary alcohols include: Secondary alcohols In a secondary (2°) alcohol‚ the carbon with the -OH group attached is joined directly to
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formula it did equal 148.09 g mol -1. This means that the empirical formula is also the molecular formula. As 12.01x10 carbons +1.008x12 hydrogens + 16= 148.09 09 g mol -1. From this knowledge the unknown molecule must include either an alcohol‚ aldehyde‚ ketone‚ ether or methoxy- functional group. Secondly it is important to calculate the degrees of unsaturation in the molecule. The degrees of unsaturation
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for all kinds of carbohydrates which in free form or in combined form. The test is based on the dehydration of the carbohydrate by concentrated sulfuric acid to produce an aldehyde which condenses with two molecules of phenol‚ resulting in a coloured compound. Molisch reagent is a solution of α-napthol in 95% ethanol. The aldehydes produced are pentoses and hexoses which can derive to furfural and hydroxymethyl furfural respectively. The Molisch reagent further reacts with furfural to yield a coloured
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Introduction • Aldehydes and ketones are carbonyl compounds • They contain the carbonyl group C=O • The functional group in aldehydes is –CHO on the end of a chain e.g. ethanal CH3CHO • The functional group in ketones is C=O not at the end of a chain e.g. propanone CH3COCH3 2. AS Recap • Primary alcohols are oxidised by acidified potassium dichromate. An aldehyde is produced first and this can be further oxidised to a carboxylic acid. To get the aldehyde‚ it must be distilled
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I. Abstract The experiment: Classification tests on Organic Compounds‚ allows the students to be familiarized with different classification tests used for identifying the different classes of organic compounds; examine unknown compounds using appropriate tests; and identify functional group of an organic compound based on the tests performed. Several organic compounds with different functional groups were tested to identify the functional groups present in the compound. n-heptane‚ pentene
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