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1. We selected Florence Nightingale’s Environmental theory. Florence. Nightingale’s theory helped in the development of modern nursing. She was the one who observed the effect of surroundings on healing of mind and body. Her philosophy was that nature helps in curing the sick. In the development of modern nursing and nursing education Florence Nightingale has played an important role. She was born on May 12, 1820 in Italy. Her parents were wealthy and they did not like her joining the nursing. Nightingale dedicated most of her life to improve patient care in the hospitals and nursing education.

During the Crimean War, Nightingale, accompanied by some selected nurses she started working in the hospitals to care for the wounded soldiers. During this time she observed the surrounding conditions and started writing her observations. She noted that staff was overworked and there was shortage of medications and supplies. Sanitary conditions were bad. Patients were getting poor care. After her experiences in Crimea, Nightingale realized that environment, and sanitary conditions play a major role in wellbeing of patient. She wrote her observations. In 1859, her most famous book, “Notes on Nursing” got published. The book she wrote is classic book on nursing profession and used in curriculum of nursing education. Her writings and teachings are based on based on environmental conditions and are still relevant to health care.
2.
Nightingale’s theory is based on modifying the environmental factors so that patient get early recovery with the help of nature. The five essential environmental factors include pure air, pure water, efficient drainage, cleanliness, Nightingale’s concept of healing is based on holistic approach which includes balance of body, mind, nutrition and environmental factors.
Her theory focus on the patient as a person and how the surroundings effect the healing, which could act on the patient in a constructive way or destructive way. Her theory is

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