Sociology Notes
Sociology 1st Test
C. Wright Mills- Power. Mills was concerned with the responsibilities of intellectuals in post-World War II society, and advocated public and political engagement over uninterested observation. Mills biographer Daniel Geary writes that his writings had a "particularly significant impact on New Left social movements of the 1960s. In fact, Mills popularized the term "New Left" in the U.S. in a 1960 open letter, Letter to the New Left.
Social Darwinism- not any single well defined concept, but various ideologies that seek to apply biological concepts associated with Darwinism or other evolutionary theories to sociology, economics and politics, often with the assumption that conflict between groups in society leads to social progress as superior groups outcompete inferior ones.
Marx- Conflict. Marxist-based social theory which argues that individuals and groups (social classes) within society have differing amounts of material and non-material resources (such as the wealthy vs. the poor) and that the more powerful groups use their power in order to exploit groups with less power. two major social groups: a ruling class and a subject class. The ruling class derives its power from its ownership and control of the forces of production. The ruling class exploits and oppresses the subject class. As a result there is a basic conflict of interest between the two classes.
Durkheim- Social integration, mechanical/organic solidarity. Durkheim believed that society exterted a powerful force on individuals. According to Durkheim, peoples norms, beliefs, and values , make up a collective consciousness, or way of understanding or seeing the world. The collective consciousness binds individuals and creates social integration. Simpler societies are based on mechanical solidarity, in which self sufficient people are connected to others by close personal ties. Modern societies are based upon organic solidarity, in which people are connected by their reliance
C. Wright Mills- Power. Mills was concerned with the responsibilities of intellectuals in post-World War II society, and advocated public and political engagement over uninterested observation. Mills biographer Daniel Geary writes that his writings had a "particularly significant impact on New Left social movements of the 1960s. In fact, Mills popularized the term "New Left" in the U.S. in a 1960 open letter, Letter to the New Left.
Social Darwinism- not any single well defined concept, but various ideologies that seek to apply biological concepts associated with Darwinism or other evolutionary theories to sociology, economics and politics, often with the assumption that conflict between groups in society leads to social progress as superior groups outcompete inferior ones.
Marx- Conflict. Marxist-based social theory which argues that individuals and groups (social classes) within society have differing amounts of material and non-material resources (such as the wealthy vs. the poor) and that the more powerful groups use their power in order to exploit groups with less power. two major social groups: a ruling class and a subject class. The ruling class derives its power from its ownership and control of the forces of production. The ruling class exploits and oppresses the subject class. As a result there is a basic conflict of interest between the two classes.
Durkheim- Social integration, mechanical/organic solidarity. Durkheim believed that society exterted a powerful force on individuals. According to Durkheim, peoples norms, beliefs, and values , make up a collective consciousness, or way of understanding or seeing the world. The collective consciousness binds individuals and creates social integration. Simpler societies are based on mechanical solidarity, in which self sufficient people are connected to others by close personal ties. Modern societies are based upon organic solidarity, in which people are connected by their reliance