History 111 Study Guide

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Terms
Tribe – a tribe is a group of families.
Patriarch – Patriarch--the dominant male leader of the tribe.
Civilization – Civilization means:
 shared beliefs
 social and political organization
 art.

Bronze – Bronze was an alloy of copper and tin.
Cuneiform – cuneiform--meaning “wedge shaped.”
Hieroglyphics – hieroglyphics--"sacred coverings.”
Aton – Aton was a universal god who took the form of the sun disk.

Yahweh – Yahweh---“He causes to Be”

Moses – Moses then led the Hebrews out of Egypt.
Dharma – Dharma is the moral law all Hindu must observe.
 Material gain is OK so long as it is honestly and honorably achieved.
 Pleasure and love is for the perpetuation of the family.

Buddha – Buddha (Enlightened One).
Four Noble Truths – Four Noble Truths.
 Pain, suffering, frustration, and anxiety are inescapable parts of human life.
 They are caused by human weakness

Nineveh – Nineveh was the capital of the Assyria Empire.

Cyrus the Great –
Zoroaster – Zoroaster gave Iranian religion new ideas.
 Little is known of the prophet Zoroaster.
 Life is a battleground between a good and evil spirit.
 Each individual must choose between the two sides.
 Introduces the concept of individual free will.

Polis – polis, or city-state, was the basic unit of Greek society.
 the acropolis was the religious center of the polis.
 the agora was its marketplace and political center.

Tyrant – Tyrants were members of the aristocracy who gained power in an unorthodox or unconstitutional way.
 They were often popular with the people.

Draco – Draco, an aristocrat, was given special permission to codify and publish a law code in 621 B.C.
 Draco's law code was designed to end blood feuds between clans.

Deme – Demes were the basis of political citizenship.

Sophist – The Sophists were teachers of rhetoric and virtue.
 Sophists were concerned with the contradiction between nature and custom.

Socrates –