Chapter 28
Chapter 28: Care of the High-Risk Mother, Newborn, and Family with Special Needs
High-risk pregnancy
One in which the life or health of the mother or the infant is jeopardized by a d/o that is associated with or exists at the same
Morbidity
State of being diseased
Mortality
Quality or state of being subject to death
Classifications of high-risk factors of pregnancy
Biophysical, Psychosocial, Sociodemographic, Environmental
Biophysical
Genetic considerations, nutritional status, medical and obstetric d/o
Psychosocial
Smoking, caffeine, alcohol, drugs, psychological status
Sociodemographic
Low income, Lack of prenatal care, Age, Parity, Marital status, Residence, Ethnicity
Environmental
Infections, radiation, chemicals such as pesticides, therapeutic drugs, illicit drugs, industrial pollutants, and cigarrette smoke
Hyperemesis gravidarum
AKA pernicious vomiting
When a woman vomits so much during pregnancy that it causes electrolyte, metabolic, and nutritional imbalances
Although morning sickness is common, this is a serious problem
Multifetal pregancy
Pregnancy involving twins occurs in approximately 1 of 85 births in the US
Triplets occur in approximately 1 in 8100 births
Pregnancies involving more than three fetuses are even rarer
Women carrying three or more embryos often took fertility drugs
Twins are classified as monozygotic and dizygotic
Monozygotic twins
Begin with one fertilized ovum; the embryonic disc divides, causing identical twins
Because the genetic message is identical, the twins are of the same sex and carry an identical genetic code
They sometimes share a placenta, but each has a separate umbilical cord
Dizygotic twins
The result of two separate ova being fertilized at the same time
These twins almost always have separate placentas
The sexes can be different, and the genetic makeup varies; they are no more closely related than siblings born at different times
This type of twins may be hereditary in some
High-risk pregnancy
One in which the life or health of the mother or the infant is jeopardized by a d/o that is associated with or exists at the same
Morbidity
State of being diseased
Mortality
Quality or state of being subject to death
Classifications of high-risk factors of pregnancy
Biophysical, Psychosocial, Sociodemographic, Environmental
Biophysical
Genetic considerations, nutritional status, medical and obstetric d/o
Psychosocial
Smoking, caffeine, alcohol, drugs, psychological status
Sociodemographic
Low income, Lack of prenatal care, Age, Parity, Marital status, Residence, Ethnicity
Environmental
Infections, radiation, chemicals such as pesticides, therapeutic drugs, illicit drugs, industrial pollutants, and cigarrette smoke
Hyperemesis gravidarum
AKA pernicious vomiting
When a woman vomits so much during pregnancy that it causes electrolyte, metabolic, and nutritional imbalances
Although morning sickness is common, this is a serious problem
Multifetal pregancy
Pregnancy involving twins occurs in approximately 1 of 85 births in the US
Triplets occur in approximately 1 in 8100 births
Pregnancies involving more than three fetuses are even rarer
Women carrying three or more embryos often took fertility drugs
Twins are classified as monozygotic and dizygotic
Monozygotic twins
Begin with one fertilized ovum; the embryonic disc divides, causing identical twins
Because the genetic message is identical, the twins are of the same sex and carry an identical genetic code
They sometimes share a placenta, but each has a separate umbilical cord
Dizygotic twins
The result of two separate ova being fertilized at the same time
These twins almost always have separate placentas
The sexes can be different, and the genetic makeup varies; they are no more closely related than siblings born at different times
This type of twins may be hereditary in some