Preview

What Is Institutional Aggression 20 Marks

Satisfactory Essays
Open Document
Open Document
403 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
What Is Institutional Aggression 20 Marks
a) OUTLINE one explanation for institutional aggression (5 marks) AO1 description.

b) evaluate the explanation for institutional aggression outlined in part a) (20 marks)

A.
Aggression between humans has both impersonal and institutional aggressions. Institutional aggression may occur within institutions like prisons, army or psychiatric hospitals. The interpersonal factors - the 'importance model' suggested that prisoners when they get put into the jail they bring their own social history (maybe of violence/aggression) and traits with them into the prison and this then influences their adaption to the prison environment. Irwin and Cressey (1962) argue that prisoners who come into prison don't come with a 'clean and blank slate' that

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    Furthermore, Irwin and Cressey devised a model called the importation model. This model states that a lot of the behaviour shown by these aggressive individuals within the institutions is also shown in wider society, this means that they do not act more aggressively because they are in an institution but they are just importing their aggression to a different location. Cressey, however had gone further in this research to state that in order to understand why IA occurs and to prove what causes it, it becomes necessary to look at the behaviours and traits of inmates outside of the institutions and states that only studying inmates within institutions is the incorrect approach.…

    • 963 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Zimbardo’s mock prison experiment yielded the conclusion that individual behavior is largely under the control of social forces and environmental contingencies rather than personality traits, character, and will power. His findings were shown through the change in the pretend prison guards’ behavior over a matter of days. Their total demeanor was transformed and they became the role they were playing, with tyrannical and abusive actions towards the prisoners. The prison guards’ power went to their heads and corrupted them, much like what happened in the case of ordinary soldiers torturing prisoners. Like the prison guards, the soldiers were ordinary until they were put into a role of power. The environment of the prison with no structure or set rules changed the soldiers’ demeanors and caused them to throw their morals aside for limitless power over other human…

    • 549 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Adam Lanza Crime

    • 1636 Words
    • 7 Pages

    Men are genetically stronger and their hormonal differences lead them to commit more aggressive, violent crimes. Also, men tend to be less socialized and lack verbal skills. Because of this men tend to lean toward aggression to solve problems rather than talking to diffuse conflict (p 43.) This chapter also talks about age and that as a rule of thumb adolescents, at the age of 18, tend to commit more violent crimes than that of other ages because they are psychologically immature (p…

    • 1636 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    deindividuation include being in a large crowd, anonymity due to wearing a uniform and altered consciousness due to drugs or alcohol. Deindividuation leads to reduced inner restraints and therefore an increase in behaviours that are usually inhibited and also reduces the fear of negative evaluation from others. This leads to an increase in aggressive behaviours. Recent changes to this theory focus on the importance of private self-awareness rather than public self-awareness. Prentice-Dunn and Rogers suggested that being in a crowd makes people less self-focused, so less able to regulate their behaviour according to their internalised attitudes and moral standards.…

    • 415 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    The instinct theory of aggression states that aggression is natural and involves innate tendencies that are stable and enduring, meaning they are difficult to modify. It proposes the idea that aggression is a result of survival instinct to protect or survive. Aggression is said to occur in high arousal situations where stressful cues act as triggers for that aggression, often caused by others as a result of retaliation. However, not all people show aggression as a result of high arousal or stressful cues, so this theory lacks some validity when explaining aggression. Also, aggression is shown by different…

    • 833 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Aggression is something that people will experience throughout life whether they are experiencing it directly or indirectly. Throughout the years, aggression has been studied in many different forms and ways. It ranges greatly and can range all the way from destructive behavior down to an insulting remark. Direct aggression would be referred to as a physical altercation or incident and indirect aggression would someone spreading gossip throughout a group of people Aggression comes in many different shapes and sizes. Defining the term aggression has been a major argument throughout the scientific community for many years. The most widely accepted definition of the term aggression was defined by Buss ( 1961: 1) as “a response that delivers noxious…

    • 149 Words
    • 1 Page
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    A team at Stanford University, led by Phillip Zimbardo, conducted the Stanford Prison Experiment to investigate causes of conflict between military guards and prisoners. Zimbardo and his team were seeking to observe the inherent personality traits of prisoners and guards and see if this was the chief cause of abusive behavior in these settings (Haney, Banks, and Zimbardo, 1973). This study is one that is well know and well-recognized. Zimbardo and his study are often discussed in many psychology courses today, and have even caused reform in prison systems as well as IRB/APA ethical committees.…

    • 1783 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Explain and give examples of each type of cause. Which – inner, interpersonal, or external – do you think are most powerful? Why?…

    • 418 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Justice Model Offenders

    • 632 Words
    • 3 Pages

    In addition, the offender needs special treatment and care so they can become functional and a valuable part of society. However, it is argumentative. According to The Justice Model offenders are under their own control in which free will should be held responsible, especially for their wrongful actions. In that case, the offender is not a victim and must be treated as an offender (Hess & Orthmann, 2012). In addition, the violent culture or sub cultures around them could play a major role through observations and an altered perception. The individual will view his or her actions as legitimate because that is how others are acting around them. They view the culture and society as something that affects them negatively in which they must revolt against it. Most importantly, the violence or hard aches around them will reinforce violence to replace their grievances (Hagan, 2010). Their parents may have raised them incorrectly, had financial issues, peer pressure, have medical issues or under the influence involuntarily. The real question is what does that mean when every offender is a…

    • 632 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Institutional aggression

    • 850 Words
    • 4 Pages

    - detailed explanation of subcultures, doesn't view all inmates as soley influenced by one set of values - more holistic…

    • 850 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Some first level factors include age, level of education, personality disorders, substance abuse and exposure to violent environments (Krug, Mercy, Dahlberg, & Zwi, 2002). The secondary level recognises that marital conflict can occur when offenders have associated with other violent individuals that are close to them. Other violent behaviour towards, other family members, friends…

    • 1724 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Theories Of Aggression

    • 1167 Words
    • 5 Pages

    They based their studies on prison populations. This is also a form of the drive theory and attributes aggression to an impulse created by an inner need whereby frustration causes aggression and this forms a cycle where continued aggression leads to more frustration and then further aggression and onwards Bandura, 1978). In other words, there is need to expel or “catharsis” the frustrations from time to time or this manifest as bursts of aggression. Frustration results from the gap between expectations and achievements (Bandura, 1978). Other researchers have subsequently determined that apart from frustration, other causes exist for aggression. This theory has since been modified to include these factors including tension. In the modified frustration-aggression theory frustration only heightens the susceptibility to aggression (Coakley, 2014, Cox 2007). The frustrated person cannot postpone the urge to aggress or more frustration builds up. This theory does explain the spectrum of aggression seen as the response can vary from assertiveness for less frustration to instrumental aggression and even intention to harm someone or hostile aggression. However, research shows that the mere presence of frustration does not seem to suggest…

    • 1167 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    The deprivation model assumes that violent behavior occurs because the juvenile prisoner is responding to the prison environment, which can be an extreme and abnormal envirornment. Overcrowding, staff to inmate ratios, rule enforcement by staff, and the…

    • 876 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Prisoner’s behaviour issues can lead them to reoffend because of different factors such as physical, social, psychological and emotional. People with offending behaviour are more likely to be aggressive and impulsive which can link to medical conditions such as ADHD and autism meaning they misunderstand social norms and behave in an anti-social manner. If they live in a disadvantaged society there are more negative peer groups…

    • 837 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Some of the causes for inmate assaults on correctional staff are. The prison experience itself dehumanizes the inmate and deprives the individuals of self esteem, personal value, and traditional cultural traits. This leads to to frustration, anxiety, and ultimately those behaviors condoned by the subculture, including assault and other aggressions. A second reason for inmate assaults on correctional staff are lower class mentality influenced by poverty, lack of education, drug abuse, and gang life. Inmate race, age, and type of conviction may therefore be the used to predict violent behavior or, in the case, prisoner assaults. A third cause for inmate assaults is the managerial and the institutional model. The managerial model yields the most…

    • 225 Words
    • 1 Page
    Satisfactory Essays