What Is Better Than Aniline

RESULTS: Solution | pH Value | Aniline | 7 | Benzyl aniline | 12 | Diethylamine | 10 |
Table 1: Basicity of Amines Solution | Odor of Solution | Aniline added with chloroform and alcoholic KOH | Unpleasant smell | Table 2: Carbylamine Test (odor of solution) Solution | Observations | Aniline added with concentrated H2SO4 | -Salt formation upon addition of sulfuric acid- Gelatinous, pale yellow solution | Table 3: Salt Formation Solution: | Residue Formation: | pH level: | Aniline added with benzenesulfonyl chloride | Residue Formed | 14 | Diethylamine added with benzenesulfonyl chloride | Residue formed | 13.5 | Triethylamine added with benzenesulfonyl chloride | No Residue Formed | -------- |
Table 4: Hinsberg
Though this is the case, diethylamine is a stronger base than aniline because of the benzene ring attached to it. The benzene ring is electron withdrawing making it a stronger acid (and weaker base) than the electron- donating ethyl groups that are weaker acid (stronger base). Comparing aniline which is an aromatic amine and benzyl amine, which is an aliphatic amine, benzyl amine or aliphatic amines in general are stronger bases than aromatic amines. Also, it is because in aniline, the lone pair present in it is involved in resonance with the aromatic benzene making them less available to accept a proton. The addition of aniline with chloroform and alcoholic KOH is the carbylamine test. In this test, an unpleasant smell resulted in the reaction as seen in table 3. Carbylamine test is the test used in detecting primary amines for secondary and tertiary amines do not react or show any reaction with this test. It is done by heating the analyte with chloroform and alcoholic KOH forming isocyanide which is responsible for its unpleasant or offensive smell. This smell is usually characterized by the rotten smell of a fish or maybe worse smell than this. Reaction is shown