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Industrial Revolution Review Guide
Industrial Revolution
    • a major change in a country’s method of producing goods and organizing labor
    • a movement from:
        o an agricultural to an industrial society
        o   manual labor to use of machines
        o Rural society to an urban society

Characteristics of Pre-Industrial Society
    • most people lived and worked on farms
    • wealthy nobles controlled the land
    • agricultural methods had not changed drastically for centuries
    • people rarely travelled
    • Inefficient methods were used to plant and harvest crops
    • communication between towns and cities was slow and infrequent
    • people supplemented their income by mining their land, working out of their homes
    • infant mortality high
    • life expectancy short

  Domestic System (Cottage Industry)
    • Early industrial labor system in which people produced goods in their homes
    • Textiles, Coal
    • Workers typically completed a step of the manufacturing process in their homes and then passed their portion onto another home for the next step (Spinner, weaver, fuller, dryer)


    • Benefits
        o Workers set own hours
        o Women cared for their children, completed domestic duties
        o   Children worked along side their parents
        o   Provided income during hard times


Industrial Revolution
    o Began – England
    o 1750-1900s
    o Textile Industry


Why England?
  1. Enclosure Movement - Wealthy landowners ended open field system to increase efficiency and productivity
            o New Agricultural improvements
                  o New inventions/discoveries
                      ▪ Crop rotation – used turnips to enrich the soil
                      ▪ Seed Drill (Jethro Tull) – reduced seed waste
                      ▪ Selective Breeding (Bakewell) – used only strongest and healthiest animals for breeding

                  o Results... [continues]

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