Unit 5 Energy Metabolism
Unit 5
Outcome 2 – Energy Metabolism Booklet
The Respiratory System The respiratory system consists of the nose, mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi and lungs. These provide a passageway to allow air in and out of the body. Every cell in the body requires oxygen to survive.
The primary function of the respiratory system is the exchange of gases. The respiratory system allows oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange, this is necessary to sustain life. During the process of breathing air is inhaled and carbon dioxide is exhaled, this change of gases occurs in the alveoli. The inhaled oxygen passes into the alveoli and then diffuses into arterial blood. The waste rich blood from the veins releases carbon dioxide into the alveoli which is released through exhaling.
Air enters through nostrils which contain coarse hairs. The pharynx is shared between the digestive and respiratory system and extends between the nostrils and the larynx. The larynx joins the pharynx to the trachea; it consists of cartilages and is also known as the voice box. The trachea divides to form the primary bronchi, the left and right bronchi which the bronchi are two tubes that carry air into the lungs and they .break down into smaller branches which are called bronchioles. At the end of these are air sacs called alveoli which absorb oxygen from the air. The diaphragm is a muscle which is directly below the lungs, during inhalation the diaphragm contracts to allow the chest cavity to expand as the lungs fill with air. Respiration Process * Oxygen is taken in through the mouth and the nose and then passes through the trachea and bronchial tubes and onto the alveoli in the lungs, where it diffuses. * The oxygen in the alveoli then diffuses into the blood capillaries where it binds to haemoglobin and is transported to every cell in the body.
* Carbon dioxide is transported in the opposite direction by the blood away from the cells in the body and to the capillaries which are
Outcome 2 – Energy Metabolism Booklet
The Respiratory System The respiratory system consists of the nose, mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi and lungs. These provide a passageway to allow air in and out of the body. Every cell in the body requires oxygen to survive.
The primary function of the respiratory system is the exchange of gases. The respiratory system allows oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange, this is necessary to sustain life. During the process of breathing air is inhaled and carbon dioxide is exhaled, this change of gases occurs in the alveoli. The inhaled oxygen passes into the alveoli and then diffuses into arterial blood. The waste rich blood from the veins releases carbon dioxide into the alveoli which is released through exhaling.
Air enters through nostrils which contain coarse hairs. The pharynx is shared between the digestive and respiratory system and extends between the nostrils and the larynx. The larynx joins the pharynx to the trachea; it consists of cartilages and is also known as the voice box. The trachea divides to form the primary bronchi, the left and right bronchi which the bronchi are two tubes that carry air into the lungs and they .break down into smaller branches which are called bronchioles. At the end of these are air sacs called alveoli which absorb oxygen from the air. The diaphragm is a muscle which is directly below the lungs, during inhalation the diaphragm contracts to allow the chest cavity to expand as the lungs fill with air. Respiration Process * Oxygen is taken in through the mouth and the nose and then passes through the trachea and bronchial tubes and onto the alveoli in the lungs, where it diffuses. * The oxygen in the alveoli then diffuses into the blood capillaries where it binds to haemoglobin and is transported to every cell in the body.
* Carbon dioxide is transported in the opposite direction by the blood away from the cells in the body and to the capillaries which are