Respiratory Assignment a&P Ii
Respiratory Assignment – Bio 169
Respiratory System: Anatomy Review 1. Fill in the missing organs of the respiratory system: Nose and mouth (air enters) nasal cavity Larynx (both air and food move through) trachea Bronchi (large tubes leading to both lungs) lungs. 2. Each lung is surrounded by two layers of serous membrane known as pleurae. These are: Visceral pleura; covers the surface of the lung Parietal pleura; lines the thoracic wall The space in between is called the pleural cavity and it is filled with pleural fluid. This fluid assists breathing movements by acting as a/an lubricant. 3. Bronchial tree: Air flows from the trachea through the primary, secondary, and tertiary bronchi to smaller and smaller bronchi. The trachea and bronchi contain cartilage to keep the airways open. Bronchi branch into bronchioles, which do not contain cartilage but do contain more smooth muscle. This allows for regulation of air flow. 4. Airways from the nasal cavity through the terminal bronchioles are called the conducting zone. The function of this zone is to moisten and filter the air. Is there gas exchange in this zone? no 5. The respiratory zone contains alveoli where gas is exchanged. This zone consists of the respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveolar sacs. 6. The pulmonary arteries carries blood that is (high or low) in oxygen to the lungs. Pulmonary capillaries exchange gases with the alveoli. Blood leaves the lungs in the pulmonary veins, which carry oxygenated blood back to the heart. 7. Name the three types of cells in the alveolus:
1. Type I cells; simple squamous epithelium
2. Alveolar macrophages; removes debris and microbes
3. Type II cells; secretes surfactant. Surfactant (decreases or increases) surface tension, which prevents the alveoli from collapsing. 8. The thin respiratory membrane consists of the simple squamous epithelium and the basement membrane of both the alveolus and the
Respiratory System: Anatomy Review 1. Fill in the missing organs of the respiratory system: Nose and mouth (air enters) nasal cavity Larynx (both air and food move through) trachea Bronchi (large tubes leading to both lungs) lungs. 2. Each lung is surrounded by two layers of serous membrane known as pleurae. These are: Visceral pleura; covers the surface of the lung Parietal pleura; lines the thoracic wall The space in between is called the pleural cavity and it is filled with pleural fluid. This fluid assists breathing movements by acting as a/an lubricant. 3. Bronchial tree: Air flows from the trachea through the primary, secondary, and tertiary bronchi to smaller and smaller bronchi. The trachea and bronchi contain cartilage to keep the airways open. Bronchi branch into bronchioles, which do not contain cartilage but do contain more smooth muscle. This allows for regulation of air flow. 4. Airways from the nasal cavity through the terminal bronchioles are called the conducting zone. The function of this zone is to moisten and filter the air. Is there gas exchange in this zone? no 5. The respiratory zone contains alveoli where gas is exchanged. This zone consists of the respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveolar sacs. 6. The pulmonary arteries carries blood that is (high or low) in oxygen to the lungs. Pulmonary capillaries exchange gases with the alveoli. Blood leaves the lungs in the pulmonary veins, which carry oxygenated blood back to the heart. 7. Name the three types of cells in the alveolus:
1. Type I cells; simple squamous epithelium
2. Alveolar macrophages; removes debris and microbes
3. Type II cells; secretes surfactant. Surfactant (decreases or increases) surface tension, which prevents the alveoli from collapsing. 8. The thin respiratory membrane consists of the simple squamous epithelium and the basement membrane of both the alveolus and the