Tutorial 1 Question
ENT 318 ARTIFICIAL ORGAN
TUTORIAL 1
1. During exercise, venous return alters preload, afterload and inotropy. Discuss their physiological of increment according to ESV and EDV.
2. Explain the reason for having a reduction in stroke volume when afterload increased.
3. State the Frank-Starling Mechanism. Discuss effect of heart failure on the Frank-Starling curve. 4. Sketch a pressure-volume relationship of the left ventricle showing the condition of systolic dysfunction and diastolic dysfunction.
5. Explain the advantages of rotary pump over pulsatile pump.
6. Compare the automatic and manual control operation of VAD.
7. State the consequences of running the axial flow pump VAD at an unfeasible speed.
8. Why does flow or pressure sensors are rarely used in VAD system particularly for long term use? What are the alternatives that can be utilized for obtaining the relevant parameters in pump operation and what are the challenges when those alternatives method are used?
9. In your opinion, what happens if any kind of sensor is supplied with the VAD for measuring certain physiological parameters?
10. Using a relevant diagram, discuss the disadvantages of Pulsatility Index technique when used as control mechanism for VAD.
11. Sketch the circuit of 2-Element Windkessel model. State the mathematical equation of this model and derive the blood pressure in aorta at starting time of diastole, td.
12. You are assigned to model VAD with human blood circulation. Compare your model either it is electrical model of pneumatic model.
13. Draw a model of pneumatic/hydraulic model of left ventricle. The model should contain elements that represent the left ventricle, aortic compliance, total peripheral resistance and venous compliance. State the parameters that are monitored and type of sensor used.
14. Draw the circuit for modeling VAD in cardiovascular system using electrical analogy. The circuit must include:
i) Elements which represents; left atrium resistance, left ventricle
TUTORIAL 1
1. During exercise, venous return alters preload, afterload and inotropy. Discuss their physiological of increment according to ESV and EDV.
2. Explain the reason for having a reduction in stroke volume when afterload increased.
3. State the Frank-Starling Mechanism. Discuss effect of heart failure on the Frank-Starling curve. 4. Sketch a pressure-volume relationship of the left ventricle showing the condition of systolic dysfunction and diastolic dysfunction.
5. Explain the advantages of rotary pump over pulsatile pump.
6. Compare the automatic and manual control operation of VAD.
7. State the consequences of running the axial flow pump VAD at an unfeasible speed.
8. Why does flow or pressure sensors are rarely used in VAD system particularly for long term use? What are the alternatives that can be utilized for obtaining the relevant parameters in pump operation and what are the challenges when those alternatives method are used?
9. In your opinion, what happens if any kind of sensor is supplied with the VAD for measuring certain physiological parameters?
10. Using a relevant diagram, discuss the disadvantages of Pulsatility Index technique when used as control mechanism for VAD.
11. Sketch the circuit of 2-Element Windkessel model. State the mathematical equation of this model and derive the blood pressure in aorta at starting time of diastole, td.
12. You are assigned to model VAD with human blood circulation. Compare your model either it is electrical model of pneumatic model.
13. Draw a model of pneumatic/hydraulic model of left ventricle. The model should contain elements that represent the left ventricle, aortic compliance, total peripheral resistance and venous compliance. State the parameters that are monitored and type of sensor used.
14. Draw the circuit for modeling VAD in cardiovascular system using electrical analogy. The circuit must include:
i) Elements which represents; left atrium resistance, left ventricle