TOP REPORTING - ALLPORT
1. Definition
Personality: A Psychological Interpretation: Allport’s first book; devoted an entire chapter to a review of the many different notions of personality offered by theologians, philosophers, poets, sociologists, and psychologists, and concluded that an adequate synthesis of existing definitions might be expressed in the phrase "what a man really is" ?
Allport defines personality as the “the dynamic organization within the individual of those psychophysical systems that determine his unique adjustments to the environment.”
Dynamic Organization--an active, integrative, developmental process—changing while binding components
Psychophysical Systems: psychological (mental) & biological (neural) influences *Considered traits to be psychophysical facts
Determinative: A cause of behavior (is something and does something)
Unique: A few motives do not determine all behavior for all people.
Adjustments to the Environment: Serves an adaptive coping function
Allport’s Multiplicative Equation: Personality = f (Heredity) x (Environment) “The three principal raw materials of personality” (inherited to some degree): physique; intelligence; temperament
2. Structure & Dynamics of Personality
Structure of Personality According to Allport, the basic units of personality are personal dispositions and the proprium. A. Personal Dispositions Allport was careful to distinguish between common traits, which permit inter-individual comparisons, and personal dispositions, which are peculiar to the individual. He argued that one individual’s personal disposition (e.g., aggressiveness) cannot be compared to that of another individual. 1. Levels of Personal Dispositions Allport recognized three overlapping levels of personal dispositions. The most general are the cardinal dispositions, which are so obvious and dominating that they cannot be hidden from others. Not everyone has a cardinal disposition, but
Personality: A Psychological Interpretation: Allport’s first book; devoted an entire chapter to a review of the many different notions of personality offered by theologians, philosophers, poets, sociologists, and psychologists, and concluded that an adequate synthesis of existing definitions might be expressed in the phrase "what a man really is" ?
Allport defines personality as the “the dynamic organization within the individual of those psychophysical systems that determine his unique adjustments to the environment.”
Dynamic Organization--an active, integrative, developmental process—changing while binding components
Psychophysical Systems: psychological (mental) & biological (neural) influences *Considered traits to be psychophysical facts
Determinative: A cause of behavior (is something and does something)
Unique: A few motives do not determine all behavior for all people.
Adjustments to the Environment: Serves an adaptive coping function
Allport’s Multiplicative Equation: Personality = f (Heredity) x (Environment) “The three principal raw materials of personality” (inherited to some degree): physique; intelligence; temperament
2. Structure & Dynamics of Personality
Structure of Personality According to Allport, the basic units of personality are personal dispositions and the proprium. A. Personal Dispositions Allport was careful to distinguish between common traits, which permit inter-individual comparisons, and personal dispositions, which are peculiar to the individual. He argued that one individual’s personal disposition (e.g., aggressiveness) cannot be compared to that of another individual. 1. Levels of Personal Dispositions Allport recognized three overlapping levels of personal dispositions. The most general are the cardinal dispositions, which are so obvious and dominating that they cannot be hidden from others. Not everyone has a cardinal disposition, but